KIN 300 Lecture 15Outline of Last Lecture II. Guest Speaker Notes Outline of Current Lecture III. Sport PedagogyIV. Physical Education Programa. Curriculumb. Structure/Developmentc. Characteristics V. History of FitnessCurrent Lecture• What is a well-designed curriculum?– One that:• Is founded on national, state or district-level content standards that outline what students should know and be able to do as a result of completing the program• Provides lessons during which students can reach moderate to vigorous physical activity at least 50% of the lesson time• Includes regular assessments to determine whether students are accumulating enough activity and achieving the desired learning objective• Primary mission of school physical education programs is:– To equip all students with the skills, knowledge, and dispositions needed to make physical activity an integral part of daily life• A quality physical education program has been defined as one that:– Provides opportunities to learnThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.– Delivers appropriate instruction– Delivers meaningful content– Includes ongoing student & program assessment • In order to provide these quality programs, it is recommended that:– Schools provide 150 minutes of instructional physical education for elementary-school children, 225 minutes for middle & high-school students perweek for the entire school year– Hire teachers who are certified professionalsEvolution of Sport Pedagogy: Current State of Affairs:• Despite its presence in US schools for almost a century, physical education is often marginalized– Pushed out for other subjects– Lack of certified teachers– Coaches teaching without methodology• However, gaining support once again due to, specifically, rising level of overweight/obese kids over last three decadesKey Points:• Children have an innate desire to move • We need to keep that desire alive by offering opportunities for learning, success and enjoyment of physical activityPurpose of PE:- Guiding Youngsters in the Process of Becoming Physically Active & Healthy for a Lifetime Key Points:• Ideally children should be taught by a specialist possessing an extensive background in children’s physical education, ie. a Certified Physical Education Teacher– Kinesiology department at UA has Class A (masters) & B (undergraduate) certifications in Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE)• National Standards for Physical Education, (NASPE, 1995) define the purpose of a quality program as enabling students to leave school being “physically educated”– What is a physically educated person….The Seven Content Standards for Physical Education from the National Standards for Physical Education:A Physically Educated Person is one who:1. Demonstrates competency in many movement forms and proficiency in a few movement forms2. Applies movement concepts and principles to the learning and development of the motor skill3. Exhibits a physically active lifestyle4. Achieves and maintains a health-enhancing level of physical fitness5. Demonstrates responsible personal and social behavior in physical activity settings6. Demonstrates understanding and respect for differences among people in physical activity settings7. Understands that physical activity provides opportunities for enjoyment, challenge, self-expression, and social interactionConsequences of being physically uneducated include: - Having unpleasant memories of physical education experiences and - Lacking an understanding about what physically activity is & why it is so importantWhat does a quality physical education program entail?A positive, quality physical education program is:• Developmentally appropriate• Instructionally appropriate• Specific to the children being servedDevelopmentally Appropriate and Instructionally Appropriate Physical Education:Developmentally Appropriate• Recognizes and promotes children’s changing capacity to move• Takes into consideration individual characteristics of children, such as level of development, prior movement experiences, fitness and skill levels, body size and age Instructionally Appropriate• Uses the best know practices that are derived from current research and from experiences teaching children • Provides a program that maximizes children’s opportunities to learn and to be successfulSpecific to the children being served• Tailored specifically for the group of children being taughtCharacteristics of a positive, quality PE program:• Time - at least 150 minutes a week• Class size - same as the regular classroom• Sequential, developmental curriculum - scope and sequence of curriculum connected to past and future lessons and children's developmental levels• Minimum of 50% moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during each lesson• Practice opportunities - many opportunities to practice skill/concept being taught • High rates of success - for children at all ability levels • Positive developmental environment - children should feel emotionally safe in the physical education environment • Teacher background - ideally, the teacher should have extensive background in content and pedagogy of physical education• Realistic expectations - if time is limited for physical education, teachers set realistic goals to help develop motor skills so that children can successfully participate in physical activities • Adequate equipment and facilities - ideally, a variety of equipment for all children and both indoor an outdoor facilities• Enjoyable - learning should be fun! • Emphasizes the following domains: • The psychomotor domain: what a child does, physically• Includes development of motor skills, movement & coordination• The cognitive domain: what a child knows or thinks• Includes development of attention, concentration, reaction time, memory, processing speed, and decision-making• The affective domains: what a child feels• Includes feelings and attitudesBenefits of a Quality Physical Education Program:1. Skill development2. Reinforcement of other subjects3. Self-discipline4. Goal setting5. Leadership and cooperation6. Enhanced self-efficacy• One’s belief in one’s ability to succeed in specific situations (developmentally appropriate goal that is achievable) – help boost