Constructed Wetlands and Wastewater TreatmentTypes of Constructed WetlandsWastewater Treatment UsesMicroorganismsRemoval ProcessesSSF vs. SFConcernsSlide 8Constructed Wetlands and Wastewater TreatmentScott StineSWES 574Types of Constructed WetlandsSurface Flow Wetlands (SF)–similar to natural wetlands–free floating, emergent, and submerged plants are usedSubsurface Flow Wetlands (SSF)–water flows below surface of support media–emergent plants that are tolerant of water saturated soils are usedWastewater Treatment UsesAdditional Secondary TreatmentTertiary TreatmentOnsite Wastewater Treatment–alternative to municipal sewage treatment–used in animal feeding operationsMicroorganismsBacteria–Coliforms, Enterococci, C. perfringensViruses–ColiphageParasites–Cryptosporidium, GiardiaRemoval ProcessesMost processes are enhanced by vegetationProcesses include:–Filtration–Adsorption –Predation –UV light –SedimentationSSF vs. SFWhat are the objectives of the constructed wetland?Some considerations:–SSF remove pathogens more efficiently than SF–SF allow more biodiversity and habitats –SSF minimize pests such as mosquitoesConcernsSome bacteria are able to reproduce on some plant surfaces–EnterococciSpore forming pathogens may be released by
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