COM 225 1nd Edition Lecture 12 Outline of Last Lecture I. Social cognitionII. Perception and social cognitionIII.Selection and social cognitionIV.Organization and social cognitionV. Skill-building: mindfulness Outline of Current Lecture I. Organization and social cognition II. Skill-building: Mindfulness Current LectureI. Event schemata: Social episodesA. What are schemas, again?1. Cognitive structure that helps us organize and process information B. Less clearly defined than scripts 1. Examples: hanging out, watching TV, studying C. Types of episodes1. Open - undefined, don’t really know what is going on and cannot put a label on it 2. Closed - know exactly what is going on, no doubt about what is going on in a situation3. Defined - open episodes that two people or more are competing to close D. Can have scripts (guides to behavior) within episodes These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.II. More schemataA. Role schemata1. Occupation, gender, family position, etc. B. Relational schemata1. Mother/daughter, coworkers, etc. III. Sizing people up - Biases A. Primacy effect - first impressions really count/matter, first impression you have of someone is going to carry more weight than on later impressions B. Recency effect - most recent encounters with that person are more likely to carry weight than past encounters IV. Sizing people up - Self-fulfilling prophecy A. Video on adults and children, where adults set expectations for children and chil-dren tend to live up to the expectations B. Steps:1. Perceiver (has self-fulfilling prophecy) forms expectancy - 2. Perceiver acts in accord with expectations3. Target (object of self-fulfilling prophecy) notices4. Target responds V. Sizing people up - More biases A. Implicit personality theory - tend to group traits together1. Negative - unlikable, unathletic 2. Not always accurate about making assumptions B. Effects of implicit personality theory1. Halo effect - someone has a positive trait and infer more positive traits on them2. Horns effect - someone has a negative trait and infer more negative traits on them VI. Sizing up behavior: Attribution theories A. Event: Your romantic partner doesn’t call you when he/she said he/she would.B. Why might this happen? C. When something happens, we try to figure out the cause - we make an attribution1. Internal attribution (personality) - that persons fault, because of who they are2. External attribution (situation) - something about this situation lead to this event, not their fault, didn’t do it because of who they are VII. Sizing up behavior: Covariance theoryA. Make internal vs. external attributions based on: 1. Consensus: would more people act this way? - consensus is high, external2. Consistency: does this person act this way consistently? - consistency is high, internal 3. Distinctiveness: is there something unique about this sit? -distinctiveness is high, external VIII. Attribution theoriesA. Fundamental attribution errorB. Self-serving bias - tend to give ourselves the benefit of doubt when we make attri-butions, do something good = internal, mess up = external, blame on situation Skill-building: Increasing mindfulnessA. Recognize what you're doingB. Be aware of contextual rivers for behaviorC. Examine thoughts and actions criticallyD. Avoid self-censorship and premature cognitive