Historically unpopular.They are expected to follow and execute the laws.They are supposed to enforce the law – they do this through the various agencies the states have. Any public institution is a state agency.Texas A&M is one.Texas has a fragmented/decentralized executive.Recruitment of GovernorsPrior experienceStatewide officeState legislatureGubernatorial ElectionsPartisanContestedIncumbent advantagePopulation & Gubernatorial Campaign CostsStrong correlationLarger population = higher campaign costsr=.82Governor’s CareerPresidencyFederal CabinetU.S. SenateFederal JudgesGovernor’s DutiesAdministrator – 28%Legislator – 17%Party – 7%Ceremonial – 14%Negotiator – 14%Public Opinion – 9%Institutional Power (from the Constitution)AppointmentAlso have the power to remove them.TenureStates without term limits allow the governor to be stronger.ManagerialFiscalIn Texas, the legislature creates the budget – not the governor. However, they have to consult him because he has the line-item veto power.LegislativePower to make laws.Input to legislatureCan create his own laws – executive order.Institutional and personal power do not matter so much because Governor’s have very little control essentially.Gubernatorial Power and Policy SuccessGubernatorial CompensationInstitutional powerMetropolitan PopulationLegislative CompensationGovernor’s pay is dependent on legislative pay. So no correlation between institutional power and compensation.Metropolitan population and governor’s compensation is positively related. R = .47.Legislative Compensation and Governors’ Compensation = positive relationship. Governor is always paid more – the more legislature is paid, the more the governor is paid.Texas Executive DepartmentGovernorPower lies with him and lt. governor.Lt. GovernorElected independently of Governor – in some states they are on the same ticket.Presiding officer of the Senate.So committee appointments/heads etc.ComptrollerTreasurer essentially.Normally women in Texas.The person in charge of the financesEstimates/projects the revenue for the stateSo determines the amount we can spend because of the balanced budgetHistorically, conservative – so they invest with the US Government. Get less interest but it is stable.Land CommissionerIn charge of leasing out landAttorney GeneralChief lawyer for the StateInterprets the Constitution and the lawThe Executive and the BureaucracyBureaucracy is a type of organization associated with red tape, specialization, and hierarchy.Because implementing the law is formally the responsibility of the executive branch, the bureaucracy is nominally headed by the chief executive.However, the bureaucracy permeates all branches of government and its interests and powers crisscross the entire governmental structure.Public administration refers not only to the activities necessary to carry out public policy but also to the various bodies, and those who work in them, that are responsible for these activities.Administrative TheoryResponsible to elected officialsIndependent of elected officialsPresident of A&MTexas AdministrationNumberElected OfficialsBoardsPOLS 207 1st Edition Lecture 20 Outline of Last Lecture I. Legislating Policy and Representing the PeopleOutline of Current Lecture II. Executive in the Statea. Governor & PowersIII. Texas Executive DepartmentCurrent LectureHistorically unpopular. ← They are expected to follow and execute the laws.← They are supposed to enforce the law – they do this through the various agencies the states have. Any public institution is a state agency.- Texas A&M is one.←← Texas has a fragmented/decentralized executive.←← Recruitment of Governors- Prior experience- Statewide office- State legislature←← Gubernatorial Elections- Partisan- Contested- Incumbent advantage←← Population & Gubernatorial Campaign Costs- Strong correlation- Larger population = higher campaign costs- r=.82Governor’s Career- Presidency- Federal Cabinet- U.S. Senate- Federal Judges←←← Governor’s Duties- Administrator – 28%- Legislator – 17%- Party – 7%- Ceremonial – 14% - Negotiator – 14%- Public Opinion – 9%←← Institutional Power (from the Constitution)- Appointmento Also have the power to remove them.- Tenureo States without term limits allow the governor to be stronger. - Managerial- Fiscal o In Texas, the legislature creates the budget – not the governor. However, theyhave to consult him because he has the line-item veto power.- Legislativeo Power to make laws. o Input to legislatureo Can create his own laws – executive order. ←← Institutional and personal power do not matter so much because Governor’s have very little control essentially.←← Gubernatorial Power and Policy Success←Gubernatorial Compensation- Institutional power- Metropolitan Population- Legislative Compensation←←← Governor’s pay is dependent on legislative pay. So no correlation between institutional power and compensation.←← Metropolitan population and governor’s compensation is positively related. R = .47. ←← Legislative Compensation and Governors’ Compensation = positive relationship. Governor is always paid more – the more legislature is paid, the more the governor is paid.←← Texas Executive Department- Governoro Power lies with him and lt. governor. - Lt. Governoro Elected independently of Governor – in some states they are on the same ticket.o Presiding officer of the Senate. So committee appointments/heads etc.- Comptrollero Treasurer essentially. o Normally women in Texas. o The person in charge of the financeso Estimates/projects the revenue for the state So determines the amount we can spend because of the balanced budgeto Historically, conservative – so they invest with the US Government. Get less interest but it is stable. - Land Commissionero In charge of leasing out land- Attorney Generalo Chief lawyer for the Stateo Interprets the Constitution and the law←← The Executive and the Bureaucracy- Bureaucracy is a type of organization associated with red tape, specialization, and hierarchy.- Because implementing the law is formally the responsibility of the executive branch, the bureaucracy is nominally headed by the chief executive.- However, the bureaucracy permeates all branches of government and its interests and powers crisscross the entire governmental structure.- Public