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UMass Amherst ANTHRO 103 - Variation in Modern Humans, Adaptation

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Lecture 12 Outline of Last Lecture I. Variation in Growth and DevelopmentOutline of Current Lecture II. Variation in Modern Humans, AdaptationA. Definition of regulon Current LectureMidterm Exam:Wednesday, October 22Same time and placeAnthro 1031st editionCover labs, lectures, chapters 1-6Sexual dimorphism:Change between the gendersMen hit puberty and gain muscle, women hit puberty and gain fat (hips, breasts)"Secular" trend - average height of a population across timeSenescence - when body functions decrease over timeEx: breathing capacity decreases with age, female reproduction de-creases with ageThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Reasons for menopause:-Much higher chance of chromosomal damage at older age-Mother will be too old to care for child if she dies-If she stops having children, she can help care for her grandchildrenHuman Adaptability - (we're very plastic - Boas)-Evolutiongenetic - population levelnot reversible-Plasticitydevelopmental - individual levelnot reversible, not inherited-Acclimatization - individual levelphysiologicalreversible, not inheritedEx: Go to high altitude location and go for a run ---> body increases heart rate to get enough oxygen and you start panting-Cultural - inherited?How humans adapt to environmentEx: wear an oxygen tank when in DenverHuman Adaptability:Environmental stressor -- > Cultural buffer--> Adaptive responseEx: heat stress, solar radiationHeat stress:Cultural response - turn on air conditioning, wear light clothingVasodilation (veins dilate to carry more blood to surface of body so heat can be distributed - makes our skin red and flushed) - acclimatizationSweat - short term acclimatization, genetic component - humans have more sweat glands than ape relativesBody size and shapeBergmann's ruleAllen's


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UMass Amherst ANTHRO 103 - Variation in Modern Humans, Adaptation

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