PSY 233 1st Edition Lecture 19 Outline of Last Lecture I. Chapter 7- trait theories in personalityA. Trait theoryB. 3 researchers laid the foundation of trait theory:1. Gordon Allport2. Raymond Cattell3. Hans EysenckC. ConsistencyD. DistinctivenessE. Trait theorists use science in 3 ways:1. Description2. Prediction3. Explanation F. Basic perspectives shared by trait theorist’sG. Gordon AllportF. Allport defined 3 types of traits:1. Cardinal traits2. Central traits3. Secondary dispositionOutline of Current Lecture II. Chapter 7 continuedA. AllportB. Idiographic researchC. Factors analysisD. Benefits E. Raymond CattellF. Surface traitsG. Source traitsH. Cattell identified 16 personality traits into 3 categories- derived from factor analysis:1. Ability traits2. Temperament traitsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.3. Dynamic traitsCurrent LectureII. Chapter 7 continuedA. Allport- functional autonomy and motivational traits of humans- Adults grow out of tension reducing motives of childhood (Freud) and work or occupations become an end in themselves (adult no longer seeks approval of others but are intrinsically motivated)B. Idiographic research- emphasized unique aspects of humans versus nomothetic procedures that attempt to describe common, universal personality traitsC. Factors analysis- a statistical tool for summarizing how large numbers of variables go together, or co-occur (correlational studies support how 2 variables go together)- Ex: do you prefer to go to parties? Is it related to questions like do you like groupswith lots of people?, or inversely related to I like to stay home at night and read abook- Attempts to identify clusters of responses- looking at mathematical correlations and psychological correlates (Ex: MMPI, PAI)D. Benefits-uses objective measures vs. subjective measures that researchers previously utilized (which were intuitive and subject to misunderstanding) E. Raymond Cattell- U of I professor, surface traits and source traits- different levels of analysis- Hierarchical relations among traitsF. Surface traits- are traits that are superficial “on the surface” and can be observed- identified 40 different traitsG. Source traits- internal psychological structures that resulted in observed intercorrelations among surface traitsH. Cattell identified 16 personality traits into 3 categories- derived from factor analysis:1. Ability traits- intelligence or ability referring to skills and abilities2. Temperament traits- emotional and stylistic quality of behavior- Ex: calm versus emotional, impulsively versus deliberate3. Dynamic traits- motivational life or the
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