ANTH 110 1nd Edition Lecture 12Outline of Last Lecture I. The Primate Order II. Evolutionary TrendsOutline of Current Lecture I. Evolutionary Trends, cont. Current Lecture I. Evolutionary Trends, cont. Evolutionary trends are traits that apply to all primates. We call them trends because there are variations in how those traits are exhibited by smaller and larger primates. These trends are based on arboreal adaptations and can grouped into 4 classes:- Locomotor Trends- see Lecture 11- Dietary Trends- All primates share a generalized dental pattern. Primates have retained 4 basic tooth types: Incisors, Canines, Premolars, and Molars. Incisors are used for biting. Canines are used for puncturing. Premolars are used for tearing. Molars are used for grinding. Anthropologists use a dental formula where the numerator is the number of teeth we have on the top of our mouth and the denominator is the number of teeth we have on the bottom of our mouth. The typical human dental formula: 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, and 3 molars. Apes and old world monkeys have the same dental formula as us because we share a more recent evolutionary history. The dental formula of new world monkeys have 2 incisors, 1 canine, 3 premolars, and 3 molars.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Primates have a tendency towards omnivory. This is a generalized condition which often correlates with a lack of specialization in the teeth. There are some exceptions because of the environment in which a primate lives. The primates may not have access to meat. Those primates that eat primarily insects are referred to as insectivores. - Sensory Trends - Touch We have dermal ridges on the tip of our fingers which allow us to have a heightened sense of touch. - SmellThe sense of smell in primates is reduced and does very. Primates also have a shortened snout.- Sight The sense of sight is enhanced in primates because the vision areas of the brain are more developed. Primates have binocular stereoscopic color vision. Streserhinis use smell much more than they do sight. On the other hand, we (hepserihini) rely much more on sight than smell to navigate the world. Why? Non-color vision primates can only see black and white, so they must use smell to make subtle differentiations. - Life History/Behavioral Trends- to be covered in upcoming
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