I. Appreciating Diverse Language FunctionsA. Cultural Worldview FunctionB. Everyday Social Reality FunctionC. Cognitive Shaping FunctionD. Group Membership FunctionE. Social Change FunctionII. Verbal Communication StylesA. Hall1. Low Context Communication2. High Context CommunicationIII. Intercultural Reality Check: Do-AblesIV. The Impact of Nonverbal CommunicationA. One Code, Countless InterpretationsB. Verbal and Nonverbal ComparisonsV. Forms of Nonverbal CommunicationA. Physical AppearanceB. ParalanguageC. GesturesD. HapticsVI. Boundary Regulations: Four Broad CategoriesA. Regulating Interpersonal BoundariesB. Environmental BoundariesC. Psychological BoundariesD. Regulating TimeVII. Intercultural Reality Check: Do-AblesCOMM 316 1st Edition Lecture 13Outline of Last Lecture I. Appreciating Diverse Language FunctionsA. Cultural Worldview Function B. Everyday Social Reality FunctionC. Cognitive Shaping FunctionD. Group Membership FunctionE. Social Change FunctionII. Verbal Communication StylesA. Hall1. Low Context Communication2. High Context CommunicationIII. Intercultural Reality Check: Do-AblesOutline of Current Lecture IV. The Impact of Nonverbal Communication A. One Code, Countless InterpretationsB. Verbal and Nonverbal ComparisonsV. Forms of Nonverbal CommunicationA. Physical AppearanceB. ParalanguageC. GesturesD. HapticsVI. Boundary Regulations: Four Broad CategoriesA. Regulating Interpersonal BoundariesB. Environmental BoundariesC. Psychological BoundariesD. Regulating Time VII. Intercultural Reality Check: Do-AblesCurrent Lecture-The Impact of Nonverbal Communication oNonverbal Communication-Message exchange process involving the use of nonlinguistic and paralinguistic cues which are expressed through multiple communication channels in a particular sociocultural setting-Nonlinguistic cues - Ex, eye contact, smiles, touch, etc-Paralinguistic cues - Ex. tone, pitch, volume, pace, etc-Multiple channels - Ex. facial expressions, gestures, etc-Sociocultural setting - Ex. cultural norms, etc oOne Code, Countless InterpretationsoVerbal and Nonverbal ComparisonsNonverbal cues relate to verbal messages in different way:-Repeat (ideas of messages)-Contradict -Substitute (nodding yes instead of speaking it)-Complement (smiling, higher pitch of voice when you like something)-Accent (highlight what is being said) -Forms of Nonverbal CommunicationoPhysical Appearance: Artifacts and clothing (artifacts = ornaments/adornments)-Religious clothing, dressing upoParalanguage: Sounds and Tones-Paralinguistic features = nonword sounds and characteristics of speech (Ex, volume loud/soft, articulation - mouth, teeth tongue coordination/ to slur your words)-Facial Expressions: Kinesics, SADFISH, and cultural display rulesKinesics - posture; body movement; gestures; facial expressionSadness, anger, disgust, fear, interest, surprise, happiness = SADFISHoGestures: Four Categories -Emblems - gestures that substitute for words/phrases-Illustrators - gestures used along with spoken words -Regulators - nonverbal behaviors we use to control, maintain or regulate the flow of conversation-Adaptors - habits/gestures that fulfill some kind of psychological need oHaptics - touch behaviors-High-, low- moderate-contact cultures -Boundary Regulations: Four Broad ThemesoRegulating Interpersonal Boundaries (Personal space = territoriality) -Proxemics: study of spaceIntimate Zone: 0-18 inches. Reserved for those closest to usPersonal Zone: 18-48 inches. Closer friends, some acquaintancesSocial Zone: 48 inches- 12 feet Public Zone: 12 feet+ -Marking Boundaries + Expressing Respect or DeferenceCultural Norms & RulesMeaningsAppropriatenessoEnvironmental Boundaries:-Claimed sense of space and emotional attachment we share with others in our communityoPsychological Boundaries:-Intrapersonal space: need for information privacy or psychological silence between the self and others-Privacy regulation: important in individualistic cultures, not perceived as critical in collectivistic culturesoRegulating Time: attitudes we have about time-Chronemics: how people in different cultures structures, interpret, and understand the time dimensionTwo patterns of time govern different cultures-Monochronic-time schedule (time is respected and important, punctuality)-Polychronic-time schedule (flexible, excuses considered, rescheduling ok) -Intercultural Reality Check: Do-AblesoNonverbal points to consider in communicating across cultures-Be flexible when you observe and identify nonverbal display rules-Attempt a deeper-than-surface explanation for the behavior-Monitor you own nonverbal behavior-Be adaptive and sensitive to appropriate nonverbal display rules for emotions in a particular culture-Be less judgmental and more tentative in interpreting others' nonverbal