Overview of how Remote Sensing is used by the Wildland Fire Community Jeff Baranyi ESRI Denver Jbaranyi esri com Outline Bio Sensors Satellite Aerial Applications Example uses Response Recovery Mitigation Bio Environmental Systems Research Institute ESRI 2000 Present Fire Support Projects South Zone Operations Fall 2003 Rocky Mountain Coordination Center RMMC Support summer of 2002 GeoMAC http www geomac gov Environmental Research Institute of Michigan ERIM 1996 2000 6 months on site at the Pacific Disaster Center Masters of Engineering Applied Remote Sensing GIS University of Michigan B S in Biology University of Michigan Sensors Satellite AVHRR MODIS LANDSAT Quickbird Ikonos Aerial Phoenix NASA UAVs Others For a more complete listing see Table 2 in General Account Office GAO report Geospatial Information Technologies Hold Promise for Wildland Fire Management but Challenges Remain GAO 03 1047 September 23 2003 http www gao gov new items d031047 pdf Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer AVHRR Band 1 2 3 4 5 Satellites Satellites IFOV NOAANOAA 6 8 10 7 9 11 12 14 0 58 0 68 0 58 0 68 1 39 0 725 1 10 0 725 1 10 1 41 3 55 3 93 3 55 3 93 1 51 10 50 11 50 10 3 11 3 1 41 band 4 11 5 12 5 1 3 repeated micrometers micrometers milliradians Temporal Coverage twice daily Spatial Resolution 1 1 km at nadir Source http edcdaac usgs gov 1KM avhrr sensor asp avhrr8 AVHRR Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer MODIS 36 Spectral Bands 250 500 and 1000 meter resolutions depending on the band The thermal band is only 1000m resolution at nadir 4 daily passes Global coverage LANDSAT Landsat 7 Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 Band 4 Band 5 Band 6 Band 7 Band 8 Wavelength Resolution micrometers meters 0 45 0 52 30 0 53 0 61 30 0 63 0 69 30 0 78 0 90 30 1 55 1 75 30 10 40 12 50 60 2 09 2 35 30 52 90 15 Temporal coverage up to 16 days Source http edc usgs gov products satellite band html Quickbird Digital Globe Panchromatic Multispectral Black White Blue Green Red Near IR Spectral Characteristics 450 to 900 nm 450 to 520 nm 520 to 600 nm 630 to 690 nm 760 to 900 nm 2 44 to 2 88 m 61 cm to 72 cm 1 Pixel Resolution 8 to 9 4 ft 2 to 2 4 ft 27 552 x 27 424 6 888 x 6 856 pixels Scene Dimensions pixels 272 km2 nadir to 435 km2 25 off nadir 105 to 168 mi2 2 Scene Size 16 5 km2 nadir to 20 8 km2 25 off nadir 10 3 to 12 9 mi2 Temporal coverage 3 5 days Source http www digitalglobe com product basic imagery shtml Aspen Fire Image courtesy of Digital Globe Ikonos Space Imaging Band 1 2 3 4 Spectral Range 0 45 0 52 micrometers 0 51 0 60 micrometers 0 63 0 70 micrometers 0 76 0 85 mcirometers Temporal Coverage 3 5 days Spatial Resolution 0 82 meters panchromatic 3 2 meters multispectral Source http www spaceimaging com whitepapers pdfs IKONOS Product Guide pdf Old Fire Lake Arrowhead Phoenix System Infrared Line Scanner Airborne 8 inch 600 F Hot Spot 14 000 Ft AGL Temporal Coverage flown as needed Source http www fs fed us fire niicd niicd Infrared Infrared PhoenixCapabil PhoenixCapabil html html http www fs fed us fire NASA Unmanned Aerial Vehicles UAVs Source http www gsfc nasa gov topstory 2003 firesames html Response Incident Maps At the Beginning of August 2000 Over 64 000 fires had burned an estimated 4 5 million acres About 25 000 firefighters were already on the fireline The wildland fire situation had exceeded the capability of the national firefighting resources The Great Basin Multi Agency Coordination Group was dealing with resource allocation for over 60 fires all reporting critical threats to structures and resource values They needed some way to access priorities to see the big picture GeoMAC Geospatial Multi Agency Coordination Group An Internet based mapping capability designed to aid the dissemination of information to the wildfire community and the public Sponsored by The National Interagency Fire Center NIFC Hosted by the U S Geological Survey What is GeoMAC GeoMAC Geospatial Multi Agency Coordination is interactive web mapping tool that shows location information about wildland fire Sponsored by The National Interagency Fire Center NIFC Hosted by the U S Geological Survey The GeoMAC Team includes Forest Service Bureau of Land Management National Park Service Fish Wildlife Service Bureau of Indian Affairs National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Weather Service and the U S Geological Survey Data Integration and Fusion Situation Report Fire Locations is point layer that is populated from the current information from a database link to an Oracle table in Kansas City MO Perimeter data is processed by GIS Analysts in Lakewood CO and manually loaded into a central database Thermal MODIS data is pushed to GeoMAC ftp site and loaded into a central database Thermal AVHRR data is pulled from a Forest Service ftp site and pushed to central database GeoMAC Website Statistics 2002 Peak Usage Day June 20 1 7 Million total requests approximately 65 000 maps made Week June 16 7 6 Million total requests Month June 21 5 Million total requests Some of the top ten organizations accessing GeoMAC include aol com starband net attbi com navy mil ca gov What People are Saying about GeoMAC I am using this to keep track of the Hayman Fire as my parents are less than 1 mile from the fires Southeast edge in a threatened neighborhood of Indian Creek West Kat Miller Tempe AZ We at the Associated Press have used the GeoMAC website to plot wildfires and other information We created a national map locating wildfires and acreage for our members Tony Lugo Cartographic Editor Associated Press South Zone Overview Old Fire Old Fire with Satellite Imagery University of Maryland Web Fire Mapper http maps geog umd edu maps asp Sentinel Hotspots http www sentinel csiro au NOAA Satellite Services Division Fire Site http www firedetect noaa gov viewer htm Smoke http activefiremaps fs fed us Recovery Sample Burned Area Reflectance Classification BARC of the Hayman Fire Burn Intensity Map Burned Area Rehab Potential Flood and Debris Movement Debris Flow Analysis Damage Assessment Mitigation The Southern California Vegetation Mortality Problem MAST Mountain Agency Safety Taskforce 14 Government agencies 5 private companies Multiple problems surrounding vegetation mortality Advance problem analysis and evacuation fire and service restoration planning 18 months advance planning 1 shared database easily sharable Vegetation Mortality MAST Interactive Mapping Treatment Priority Population Population per census block x vegetation