SOC101 1nd Edition Lecture 9Outline of Current Lecture I. Deviance and ControlA. Deviance: perceived violation of norms1. Depends on reaction2. Relative to culture and contextII. CrimeB. Crime: specific form of devianceStigma- Erving Goffman, 1963Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity*****stigma is not static*********cultural norms change over timeIII. 3 types: 1. Physical Traits2. Personal Traits 3. Tribal Traits( e.g. ethnicity, nationality, religious groups that lead to a normative religion, nationality or group)IV. Symbolic interactionistA. Differential association theory: learn to deviate or conform to association to their groups1. The learned criminal behavior through association leads to criminal behavior - Juvenile delinquents have family that are Juvenile delinquents or are in the same neighborhood.- Sociologist can’t explain why they became deviant/criminals, only howV. Social Control theoryA. Inner controls:- What is right and what is wrong- Limits people’s engagement in deviance/crimeB. Outer controls: - Significant people in your life can be authoraitve- Connected to people around them, they’ll voluntary make sure that they are not going deviantC. To bonds attach, leads to more effective they can be1. Sense of Accomplishment: how much they care about2. Sense of commitment: to societyThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best Used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.3. Sense of Involvement: how much time to invest in legitimate activities4. Belief that deviance behavior: doing wrong, is wrong ( don’t belong)****the four bonds come through early socialization that fosters itVI. Labeling theory- Label as deviant/ criminal makes a person more likely to engage, that the person will be deviant- Become what others think we are-:self-filing prophecyIN ACTION process:1. Initial criminal act2. Detection/prosecution by the CJS3. Criminal Label4. Creation of a new public identity5. Acceptance of label6. Deviance amplificationLabeling theory:Syps & Matza have boys that resist the label as a Juvenile Delinquent A. Resist labels through “techniques of neutralization”- Denial of responsibility- Denial of injury- Denial of victim- Condemnation of the condemners: “ who are you to judge me”- Appeal to higher loyaltyVIII. Embrace labels:-take pleasure in being deviantA. Children that show negative behavior- Antisocial- Bad performance in school- Criminal justice system- don’t explain crime rates- don’t affect ones behavior: attitude & behavior are not naturally correlatedB. Functionalist perspective of deviance- Normal, natural part- fulfill natural functions- keeps society moving smoothlyIX. Durkheim1. Clarifies moral boundaries & norms: what’s okay and what is not2. Promotes social unity: while affirming guidelines3. Promotes social change: with enough support rethink of boundaries & doing itX. Function Strain theory- Robert Merton- motivation for crime by society not from people who you are associate with- by society & values we hold dearA. Cultural Structure:1. Culturally defined goals (e.g. American with wealth as a goal)B. Social Structure- Initial means to achieve these goals ( e.g. get a good job, normative appropriate way of achieving wealth)***not everyone has the social structures: access to resources vs. goalsXI. Merton’s Adaptations to StrainA. *******Anomie: series of normalishness ( when norms break down)XII. Conflict theory: group in power that use law to maintain power over other groups in societyB. Criminal justice system- Maintain power of the elite- Instrument of oppressionC. Lower class: come down on them to prevent social unrest to maintain “ status quo”- The ones that are on top, stay on topD. Graphs: E. Rate of incarnation- Population increases 43%- Crime rate 764%- Of the US population 43%- US incarnation 73%****prisons function to keep rebellious people off of the
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