INF322T Lecture 4I. Folklore-mirror of a people, records the cultural beliefs of patterns of which it occurs, Nursery rhymes, songs, ballads, epics, dance rituals, superstitions, fables, fairy-tales- Passed around cultures orally- Designated Story teller- ex: native American culture “keeper of the stories”- First exhibit of written stories by Egyptians in hieroglyphics- Printing press, more story written down- Theory of Polygenesis- “many origins”, human needs loved, knowledge, security, no matter who or where you are you needs those things, stories are expressed in many cultures, ex: Cinderella- common folk tale in my many cultures, similar plots devlop with common plot all around the world- Stories traveled through people who traveled, between tribes, etc. Things change as they are passes along- Soldiers, slaves, minstrels, church people all passes storiesII. Five Motifs of Folk and fairytales:1. Cumulative of Reputational Stories- logical, predictable plots, rhythm, repetitions, action/ phrase repeated, ex: Three little pigs, I’ll huff and puff; action builds on each other ex: napping house- Why Mosquitos Buzz in people’s ears: Caldecott winner, monkey kills mother owls babies, and owl refuses to call the sun to come up, sequence of events to why this happened, mosquitos buzzed in peoples ears and lied-his fault. Watched Video2. Tales of Talking beasts- animals act wisely and foolishly like humans, teach lessons- Jump! The Adventures of Brer Rabbit- rabbit finds his match- story like turtle and hare, brer wolf- like three little pigs, finds this match- Southern American stories about slavery and from south, controversial, told in African American dialect, stories about wise and foolish characters that do things that are good/bad. Depict human nature. 3. Sam and the Tigers: A new telling of little black Sambo- late 1800s story, written by Helen Bannerman wrote it for daughters about little boy who wore all his new clothes into the woods, loses his clothes bc he meets tigers, imaginative story with fantasy world, humans and animals together, criticism bc original illustrations exaggerates black features, Sambo was racial slur during that time period, Lester and Pinckney recreated this story, because fantasy story about animals and humans are cool, typical dress, beautiful water color illustrations3. Humorous tale- drolls, sillies and numsicals- Strega Nona- southern European story, Anthony is sure that he can make the magic pastapot work, causes big disaster, Anthony misused and the town gets covered in pasta (watched movie), three kisses prevents that- wait for magic to know how to use it- Lazy Jack Story- does everything literally that everyone tells him to do- Chicken little- film, something penny4. Religious Stories- folk or fairytale, Christian - Saint George and the Dragon- Caldecott, uses border motif, detailed bordering illustrations, story of red cross knight slay the dragon to get the lady, several references to religious undertones, baptism, adaptation of fairy queen5. Romances- - Beauty and the beast- great, diverse illustrations, French fairytale, written by a woman, madam de Beaumont, loving someone despite their llooks, putting trust in someone, she has a chance to escape the beast, but she doesn’t because she cares for the beastIII. Magic in folk and fairytales:A. Examples - Little People- berries, pixies (English), dwarves (German) live underground, never call fairy to their face, bc they don’t have souls reminds them they aren’t human, live in peoples cupboards- Wise Women, Witches, and Wizards- wicked or wise, - Giants and Orgres- orgres-can be bad, blood thirsty and cruel, giants can be good/bad; Swamp Angel- big white girl wearing bonnet, l is good and rescued people; painted on bark, wrestles with thunder and tarnation, WATCHED MOVIE- Swamp Angel: is an example of a good giant (a tall tale) set- Cyclops- bad giant- Enchanted People- Snow white, complicate the plot- time is always accounted for in folk and fairly takes, “once upon a time”- Magic is there for people who know how to use it and that’s all!IV. Common folk structure: introduction- immediately learn characters and setting and time (a long time ago, once upon a time, the three Billy goat gruff), development of plot (obstacles get in the way, quick thinking is needed, bgg- mean old troll), they trick the troll, enemy is outwitted, deed is done- traditional endings (they lived happily ever after…)- Story telling helps develop listening skills, we are a visual culture and we have to see things quickly. - Why do we introduce folk to kids? Message sent is constructive with lessons that are taught, good is rewards, evil is punished, satisfies basic needs: to know, love, be loved, etc. - See heroes, to right wrong, save people- Walt Disney- created own version of fairytales- Cinderella, Snow white, beauty and the best, little mermaid….everything!- Marsha Brown- won Caldecott award for Cinderella, - There are many versions of these folk tales that Disney re told.V. Fables and Proverbs- take abstract behavior and in a narrative form make the idea understood and remembered, fable- single significant act that teaches a lesson, main character is an animal behaving like a human, some type of dominant character trait. a. Proverbs- condensed wisdom with no sotry, punch line of thefable, don’t cry over spilt milk, a stitch in time saves nineb. Aesop- approx 600 BC, lived in Greece, written for political purposes to prove a point to illustrate the reward of being good, story the common man could identify with, c. examples: 1. Fables of La Fontaine- bridged versions, closes to keep to the traditional aesops fables 2. The Tortoise and the Hare- uses comical character types, story about slow and steady wins the race3. Country moose and the city moose- simple life of peace and safety in country is better than life of luxury and beer in the city4. Fox and the grapes- takes critical thinking skills to get this, moral: those that pretent to despise what they cannot obtain; good for older kids, truthful fable, Aesop: the complete fables- translated by Robert and Olivia temple- good versionsVI. Myths- advanced folklore, anonymous stories, longer than fables, attempt to explain the realities of the universe, the who’s of the world, spiritual or supernatural episodes, why does the sunset in the west, pourquoi- why stories,