Plato's Crito1. Socrates' friend, Crito, comes to his prison cell to persuade him to escape and elude his death sentence. 2. Represents the Socratic view of citizenship.3. Represents the Socratic view of justice.4. Importance of upholding the rule of law (Rule of Law).5. Representation of the Law as an independent entity6. Representation of the Social Contract between the citizen and the state. Citizen Duty:-Morals (of society)-Active in Gov't-Follow Rules-Not harming others Rule of Law:-Seeing the law as independent-Objective (not subjective)-No bias-"just"-fair to all --->(Equality ) Social Contract- A theory of politics that asserts that the state is created by mutual consent (contract) of its members- can be a formal agreement or an informal/tacit agreement. A hypothetical contract. Outlines the role of the state and the role of the citizen (duty, obligation). Contractual agreement between citizens and states; policies justified via tacit consent. Tacit/Implied Agreement: general structure, ideals of society; mutual acceptance Explicit Agreement: Constitutions, lawsTacit/Implied Consent: live under system without protest, support for the system via compliance or acceptance Explicit Consent: yield to court rulings, legislation, etc. Plato (427-347 BCE)1. Aristocratic Athenian family.2. Student of Socrates. It is through Plato that we know the Socratic method, Socratic thought, etc. - uses Socrates as the main character in most of his works.3. Founder of the first university- The Academy4. "Real World" experience- advisor to the Dionysius I of Syracuse (Sicily) and Dionysius II.5. Witness the Peloponnesian War (431-404). The Republic1. Set around 411 BCE - prior to the fall of Athens to Sparta and the rule of the Thirty Tyrants, prior toSocrates'' trial and death.2. Set as a single conversation that takes place in the home of Cephalus and Polemarchus (father and son).3. Characters: Socrates, Cephalus, Polemarchus, Thrasymachus, Adimantus, and Glaucon.4. Adimantus and Glaucon are Plato's Brothers.5. Polemarchus was killed by the Thirty Tyrants regime (404-403). .-Primarily about justice?-What is it? How is it defined?-What is individual justice?-What is justice in the city-state? 1. The description of Plato's "kallipolis" (beautiful city) is of an ideal standard of the state and the statesman, where the leaders fulfill the Socratic view of virtues based on the proper education of the citizens.2. Who should rule and why?3. What is the duty/obligation of the citizen? The ruling class?4. What is the role/importance of education to the structure of society? Quiz Friday:Realism Justice in CritoCivil DisobedienceSocial