PatentExclusive right to an idea, product or processInventor or producer may use, make, sell17 years for a product3 ½ - 14 yearsProduct or process must be new invention or technological advancementOwner of a patent has right to sue for patenet infringementPatents cannot be acquired for garment designTrademarksDistinctive name, word, mark, design or picture used by a company to identify its productProvides for federal registrationTrademarks and tradenames are registered for a period of 10 yearsMay be renewed as long as remains in useOthers cannot use trademark/ name without permissionMay be sued for trademark infringementCopyrightProtection writeen, picorical and performed workedLiterature, dramatic workMusicFilm, tvArtworkAdvertismentsCan be used on limited basis for educational purposeReproduction of material protected by copyright without permission is considered infringementProtectsTextile designsGraphic desingsGarment Style is not protectedCopy of a style is called a knock offDesigner owns a copyright unless they are salaried employee of a company; then company owns copyrightCopyright must be registered with copyright office of us library of congressPartially protected internationally by Berne ConventionTextile ConvertersFocuses on aesthetic finishesBuy greige goods from millsDye fabricsPrint or finish fabricsMost converters are located in NYCExperts in color forecasting and consumer preferencesAdvantages of FranchisingQuick start upFranchisers methods are provenReady market, traffic already exsistsRapid expansion is possibleLimited liablility for the franchiserControl over distributionNo need for additional capitalDisadvantages of FranchisingProfits are smaller for the franchiseLimited flexibility for the franchiseFranchiser may not support franchise fully- they just want to sell more franchisesFranchiser may want to buy back stores under certain circumstances that are beneficial to themVertical Marketing- Multi Distribution s. Dual DistributionMultichannel distributionCompanies work as a united groupPrivate labelIe old navy, gapDual distributionManufacturers sell their merchandise through own stores as well as other retailersIe ralph Lauren, NikeWhat are some environmental issues?Organic cotton grown in AZ, Cali, Missouri, New Mexico, TexasNatural colorsLow impact dyeLess toxicUse less waterApparel Sustainable CoalitionPut together by Wal-Mart target Nike, developed to replicate what was happening in building materials ***Higg index goes along with the lead greenTrying to get companies to be more transparent and think about how they are using energy and waterAM 101 1st EditionExam # 2 Study Guide Lectures: 5-7Chapter 5-7 (October 1-8)Chapter 6 Fiber: extremely fine, hair like strand almost invisible to the eyeNatural fiber: found in nature, they come from plant or animal sources Manufactured fiber: made in chemist’s lab Cotton: most widely used of all fibersWool: fiber that forms the coat of a sheep Silk: comes from the cocoon formed by a silkworm Flax: comes fro the stem of the flax plantLinen: flax fiber is spun into yarn and woven or knit into fabric is the product Ramie: comes from the woody leafed Asian plant grown mostly in ChinaHemp: fibrous plant with an interesting history in the US Spinerette: forcing the liquid through the tiny holes of a mechanical device produces fibers of continuous, indefinite lengths Cellulosic fibers: fibrous found in natural fibers of plants and are made with minimum chemical stepsNoncellulolosic fibers: produced from various combinations of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygenPolymers: when chemists link the molecules into long chainsGeneric Names: Nontrade marked names, to 25 manufactured fibers Variant: fiber producers modify the composition to produce a new fiber Brand Names: registered in the US patent office, only the manufacturer of a variant is allowed to use the registered name Microfiber: fiber that is two or three times smaller than a human hair Licensed trademark: trademarks used under such licensing agreements are referred to as these Patent - Exclusive right to an idea, product or process- Inventor or producer may use, make, sello 17 years for a producto 3 ½ - 14 years- Product or process must be new invention or technological advancement - Owner of a patent has right to sue for patenet infringement - Patents cannot be acquired for garment design  Trademarks- Distinctive name, word, mark, design or picture used by a company to identify its product- Provides for federal registration- Trademarks and tradenames are registered for a period of 10 years- May be renewed as long as remains in use - Others cannot use trademark/ name without permission- May be sued for trademark infringement  Copyright- Protection writeen, picorical and performed workedo Literature, dramatic worko Musico Film, tvo Artworko Advertisments - Can be used on limited basis for educational purpose - Reproduction of material protected by copyright without permission is considered infringement - Protects o Textile designs o Graphic desings - Garment Style is not protected o Copy of a style is called a knock of- Designer owns a copyright unless they are salaried employee of a company; then company owns copyright - Copyright must be registered with copyright office of us library of congresso Partially protected internationally by Berne Convention Textile fabric: any material that is made by weaving, knitting, braiding, knitting, laminating, felting or chemical bondingGreige goods: unfinished goodsTextile converters: buy greige goods from the mills, have the goods processed to order by the finishing plants and then sell the finished goods to garment makers  Textile Converters- Focuses on aesthetic finishes- Buy greige goods from mills- Dye fabrics- Print or finish fabrics- Most converters are located in NYC - Experts in color forecasting and consumer preferencesHigh-tec fabric: a fabric that has been constructed, finished, or processed in a way that gives it a certain innovative, unusual, or hard to achieve qualities not normally available Geotextiles: manufactured permeable textiles that are currently used in reinforcing or stabilizing civil engineering projects Chapter 7 Regular tanneries: purchase and process skins and hides and sell the leather as their finished product Contract tanneries: process the hides and skins to the specification of other firms but are not involved in the