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UT Arlington GEOL 1301 - Rock forming minerals
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GEOL 1301 Fall 2014 Lecture 8Outline of Last Lecture I. MineralII. Atomic bondsa. Ionicb. CovalentOutline of Current LectureI. Rock forming mineralsa. Sillicateb. Carbonatec. Oxided. Sulfidee. SulfateII. Physical propertiesCurrent LectureWhat are the major classes of rock-forming minerals? Silicate minerals, the most abundant minerals in Earth’s crust, are built of silicate ions that are linked in various ways. Silicate tetrahedra may be isolated (linked together only by cations) or bonded together in structures such as single chains, double chains, sheets, or frameworks. Carbonate minerals are made up of carbonate ions bonded to calcium, magnesium, or both. Oxide minerals are compounds of oxygen and metallic elements. Sulfide and sulfate minerals are composed of sulfide and sulfate ions, respectively, in combination with metallic elements.What are the physical properties of minerals? Geologists use the physical properties of minerals to identify them. These physical properties include hardness—the ease with which a mineral’s surface is scratched; cleavage—its tendency to split along planar surfaces; fracture—the way it breaks along irregular surfaces; luster—the way it reflects light; color—imparted by transmitted or reflected light to crystals or irregular masses or visible as streak (the color of a fine powder); density—mass per unit volume; and crystal habit—the shape in which individual crystals or aggregates of crystals grow.crystal: An ordered three-dimensional array of atoms in which the basic arrangement is repeated in all directions.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.crystal habit: The shape in which a mineral’s individual crystals or aggregates of crystals grow.Crystallization: The formation of a solid mineral from a gas or liquid whose constituent atoms come together in the proper chemical proportions and ordered three-dimensional


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UT Arlington GEOL 1301 - Rock forming minerals

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