BIOL 640 1st Edition Lecture 17 Outline of Last Lecture I. Activation of cellular immune system Outline of Current Lecture II.T-cell activationIII. Direct plaque assayIV. Indirect plaque assayCurrent LectureImmunology Lecture 18- T-cell activation:T-cell activation is induced by antigens which trigger the formation of T-lymphoblasts that contain more cytoplasm and secrete more molecules. T- memory cells have the same receptors as T- cells.Polyclonal mitogens: These trigger all lymphocytes to undergo blast transformation. These cells lead to disease.Direct Plaque assay: Use hemploytic plaque assay:Blood agar plates are used where the splenocytes with RBC conjugated with Ig M is used. Upon the addition of complements, MAC pore formation is indicated by clear zones called as plaque forming unit (PFU).Ig G producing cell- Indirect Plaque assay:Ig M + Ig G –Ig M= Ig G.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Immunodeficiency:1. Agammaglobulinemia:No Ab are formed and considered to be due to gene mutation. This is a stem cell problem (HSC).Cure: Inject bone marrow from donor into blood stream. In other words, plasma purification methodis done and immunoglobulins are given to patients.2. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID):No B-cells or T-cells. Therefore, pure micro free environment is desired.3. DiGeorges Syndrome:T-cell deficiency as patient is athymic.Cure: Thymus transplantation.Pleitrophic effect: Single gene effect and leads to multiple problems.Xeno transplantation (between species)- receive human cancer cells in nude (hairless, athymic) mouse. Cancer cells metasize and metastate products
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