PHY 317K 1st Edition Lecture 17 Outline of Last Lecture I. Wave motionII. Transverse and Longitudinal WavesIII. Superposition PrincipleOutline of Current Lecture I. FluidsII. Density and PressureIII. Pascal’s PrincipleIV. Archimedes’ Principle Current LectureFluids:- A substance that cannot maintain its own shape- Takes the shape of the container- Fluid laws assume idealized fluids that cannot be compressedDensity and Pressure:- Density of a substance of uniform composition is its mass per volume unit- P = m / v- Density is equal to kilograms per cubic meter- Pressure is force per area- Pressure = F / A- F is equal to mg- The pressure at the bottom of the fluid can be expressed in terms of density and heightPascal’s Principle:- The pressure applied at one point in an enclosed fluid under equilibrium conditions is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid- The pressures are equalArchimedes’ Principle: - Water commonly provides partial support for any object placed on it- The upward force on an object placed in a fluid is called the buoyant force- The magnitude of the buoyant force on a completely or partially submerged object always equals the weight of the fluid displaced by the object- Can be verified by a nonmathematical argument- Consider a cubic volume of water in a container- This volume is in equilibrium with forces acting on it- If a solid floats partially submerged in a liquid, the volume of the liquid displaced is less than the volume of the
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