MUSI 2060 1st Edition Lecture 13Outline of Last Lecture I. Beach Boys’ Final Style Periodsa. Experimentalb. Surf rock (nostalgic)II. Soula. Gospel elementsb. Rhythm & Blues elementsc. Ray Charlesi. Background Informationii. Guitar Slimiii. Song examplesd. Memphis Soul Soundi. Record companiesii. Booker T. and the MGsiii. Characteristicsiv. Song exampleOutline of Current Lecture I. James BrownII. Civil Rights Movement & Vietnam WarIII. Aretha FranklinCurrent Lecture- James Brown (1933-2006)o Godfather of Soul; Sex Machine; Hardest working man in show businesso Very musical when young; taught himself to play drumso Arrested for car theft; learned music better during this timeo Swannees gospel group (1952) renamed to Famous Flames Moving away from religious aspectso James Brown and his Famous Flames (1956) Please Please Please (1956) Usually used it to close his shows Raspy full-throated vocals (key trademark) Percussive backing band - Ultimately influences funk in the 1970sThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Gospel oriented chord progression Triplet figure in background (New Orleans) Gospel/Vocal group r&r backing singers Strophic, repetitive Intense, dramatic performance Vamps: repetitive riffs played o Guitarist: Jimmy Nolan Choked guitar: squeezing neck guitar to dampen the strings after playing a chord; chunky, rhythmic feel- Huge influence on funk guitaristo Bass guitar Bass staccato, punchy Dampens and pops the stringso Horn section: saxophones, trumpets, and trombones Hard-biting punchy horn sound (percussive) Sax soloist: Maceo Parker (similar to King Curtis but clearer)o Vamps: repetitive riffs played Mostly used in live performances Can be used for marking time Singer can improvise over these riffs Stops forward motion of music slightly until band is cued to continueo I Feel Good (1965) Modified standard song form (AABABAA) Classic structure of James Brown in the mid-1960s- Mid-1960s: Civil Rights Movement & Vietnam Waro Brown is a part of civil rights movement and the protest of US involvement in Vietnam War o Brown toured many sites in SE Asia to support troops but protest against waro Say It Loud (I’m Black and I’m Proud)- Aretha Franklin (1942-present)o Queen of soulo Father was a pastor so musical talent started in church o Wants to move on to secular music; father not sure at first but allows it because her talent is so strongo Dropped out of school at 17 (maybe pregnant)o Discovered A&R manager John Hammond (Columbia Records) Also discovered Bessie Smith, Robert Johnson, Billy Holiday Laughing on the Outside(1961): not the Aretha we know Contract expires and neither side wants to renew ito Jerry Wexler signs her up for Atlantic Records; Fame Studios R-E-S-P-E-C-T (1967): composed by Otis Redding- Backing vocals: two of Franklin’s sisters- King Curtis on saxophone- Women’s movement banner call- Also relates to Civil Rights Movemento End of 1970s: moves to soft, smooth ballad-like slow singero End of 1980s-present: basically
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