HIST 100 1st Edition Lecture 5Rome to the republic - Romulus and Remus o Foundation of Rome April 21, 753 BCo Sons of rhea Silvia (descendant of Aeneas) and mars (god of war)o Thrown into Tiber river o Suckled by she wolf o Fostered by shepherd o Decide to found new city  Augurs o Quarrel, Remus killed o Rome founded - Aeneas o Grafted onto original Italian foundation myth  Virgils Aeneid o Survivors of Troy ban together under Aeneas o Series of adventures throughout Mediterranean o Lands in Italy, war over King of Latinus’ daughter  Fights war and wins, gains hand  Assimilates with local peoples o The end of his line, kings of alba longa  Rhea Silva and her twin sons - Mythical founders of Rome: Romulus, Remus or Aeneas - Etruscans o Most of their history is lost  Graves and tombso Influence on foundation of Rome  Hills City dwellingo Culture blended into latin - Kingdom of Rome o Little is known about the kingdom These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Sources written much later legendary in nature o First king= Romulus o Each king established new religious, political and economic traditions that persisted o Successor kings were related somehow  Adopted sons, son in law  Regnum vs Imperium o Lacius tarquinius superbus= last king of Rome  Rape of lucretia by his son - Creation of the Republic o Office of consul was created to replace kingship o 2 men, elected annualy o advised by senate of 100 o no written constitution unplannedo much like the structure of the kings  except there were 2 - 2 groups of people in Rome o patricians= nobles can hold office o Plebians = merchant class can vote no office  Thought the system of government was still just as oppressive as kings - 12 tables o written law in Rome o core of the constitution of roman republic o legislation passed by assembly  checks and balance with executive branch ( senate) - finally accepted and written down 450 BC - Ivory tablets posted in the Roman Forum - Originals lost when Gauls burnt Rome 390 BC - Legacy of roman Law in Western Civ.o Roman law= mandatory course for law students o England and America use common law  Based on court cases, precedent etc Still influenced by roman law  Written record  Reflected in terminology - Habeas corpus (may you have the body) - Mens rea (guilty mind)- Ne bis inidem (not twice in the same = double jeopardy)- Actori incumbit probation (on the plaintiff rests the proving)- Paterfamilias (head of roman household)o Legal authority established by roman law  Of life and death o Enforced adherence of his familia to twelve tables  Wife children adopted children relatives slaveso And clients  Patronage was a key component in roman society Mafia?o Ensure proper virtue of familia  Indulgences in check Proper worship of lares familiars - Roman religion o Mos maiorum “the way of the ancestors” Very traditional and slow to change - Augury o Interpret will of the gods by the flight paths of birds o Official office in Rome o Priesthood o Consulted for all important business - Punic wars o Rome vs Carthage 264 BC- 146 BC  Both expanding empires encroaching on territory o Rome defeats Carthage in Punic War I For control of Sicily o Rome defeats Hannibal in Punic War II Hannibal invades Italy  Crosses Alps with his elephants  Gains control of Spaino Rome defeats Carthage in Punic war III Total destruction of the City  Rome gains supreme power in