PSYCH 265 1st Edition Lecture 12Outline of Last Lecture I. Dose response curveII. Log vs. linear scaleIII. Semi-log dose response curveIV. Drug antagonisma. Chemical b. Physiological c. Pharmacological V. Competitive vs. noncompetitive antagonismOutline of Current Lecture I. Normal distribution II. Pharmacogenomics & pharmacogenetics III. Pharmacokinetic exampleIV. Pharmacodynamics exampleV. Personalized medicine Current Lecture-Many factors affect drug response oSee picture in angel-Variability in drug responsiveness oSee picture in angel-Normal distribution oNormal sensitivity= middle and peak of graph These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.oMore sensitive=as you go further down on right oLess sensitive=as you go further down on lef-Pharmacogenomics & pharmacogenomics oIndividual differences in genetic makeup can influence what the body does to a drug andwhat the drug does to the bodyoPharmacogenomics is the analysis of entire genomes, across groups of individuals, to identify the genetic factors influencing responses to a drugoPharmacogentics is the study of an individuals genetic make up in order to predict responses to a drug and guide prescription -Pharmacokinetic exampleoAntituberculosis drug isoniazid is metabolized by acetylation by the enzyme liver N-acetyl-transferaseoThe rate of acetylation is genetically determined -Approximately 50 percent of whites and blacks are slow acetylators -Majority of eskimos and asians are rapid acetylatorsoThe defect in slow acetylators is the synthesis of less n-acetyltransferase enzyme oSlow acetylation may lead to higher blood levels of the drug and thus to an increase in toxic reactions-Pharmacodynamic exampleoRyanodine receptor (RyR1) is an ionotropic receptor in skeletal muscle that regulates release of calcium ion and is involved in muscle contraction oAbout 1 of 20,000 people have a mutated ryanodine receptor that is activated by general anesthetic drugs, causing excessive release of calcium oWhen such geneticaly susceptible subjects are a general anesthetic, a life threatening disorder called malignant hyperthermia may develop. Subjects develop breakdown of skeletal muscle fibers skeletal muscle rigidity, hyperthermia, tachycardia and acid-base imbalance-Personalized medicine oA form of medicine that uses info about a persons genes, proteins, and environment to prevent, diagnose, and treat disease oUse of new methods of molecular analysis to better manage a patients disease or predisposition to disease o"prescribing the right patient with the right drug at the right dose at the right
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