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UB SOC 101 - Exam 1 Study Guide

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SOC 101 1st EditionExam # 1 Study Guide Lectures: 1 - 7Lecture 1 (September 2): Chapter 1Important People: C. Wright Mills, Emile Durkheim, Auguste Comte,- What is Sociology?- sociological perspective- personal( biography) and public(history)- Durkheim, Suicide- Social Integration/Goffman- Jane Addams- W.E.B. DuBois- Jane Adams- Applied sociology- Social Facts- Origins of Sociology: Industrial Revolution, Political revolutions, Imperialism, Scientific Method- Positivism- Comte’s Theory of Social Change- Social imagination- Types of solidarity- Social Darwinism/ Herbert SpencerLecture 2 (September 4): Chapter 1Important people: Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, Robert Merton, Talcott Parsons- Conflict theory- 4 types of alienation: product alienation, activity alienation, species alienation, social alienation- Mechanical solidarity- Organic solidarity-Verstehen- Symbolic interactionism, Dramaturgy- Functionalism(aka structural functionalism or functional analysis) : Manifest functions, latent functions, social dysfunctionsSplit Horn: Life of a Hmong Shaman in AmericaStudy questions: 1. Where are the Hmong from?2. Who is the narrator?3. How does this film demonstrate the idea that people are shaped by the society or social context in which they live?4. How does this film demonstrate the concept of mechanical solidarity?5. Bonus: What is the meaning of “split horn”? [We barely got to this part in the film—don’t worry about this]Lecture 3 (September 9):Chapter 5Concepts: - The Research Model- 6 Types of Research Methods- Surveys- Participant observation/ Ethnography- Secondary analysis- Document analysis- Experiments - Unobtrusive observation- Critiques of Functionalism- Sapir-hypothesis- Operational definitions of variable- Variables ,hypothesis, validity, reliability- Correlation vs. causation ;spurious ( cause, effect, and spurious correlations)- How to read a table(text)- How to not do research(text)- Population vs. sample- Representative sample- Random sample, stratified random sample ,snowball sample- Importance of wording & ordering survey questions- Response bias- Pager’s experiment ( “ Mark of a Criminal Record”) (class lecture & text)- Ethical issues in sociological research o What is unethical in sociological research?- Brajuha research (text)- Tuskegee Syphilis Study- Milgram’s obedience to authority study- Zimbardo’s stimulated prison study- Laud Humphrey’s study of gay sex in public bathroomsUnethical Studies: Tuskegee Syphilis Study (1932-1972), Milgram’s “Obedience to Authority” Study (1963), Zimbardo’s “Simulated Prison” StudyLecture 4 (September 11):A. Zimbardo’s “Simulated Prison” Studya) A unethical study that has young white college student boys be part of an experiment that became more and more of a reality- There were prisoner and prisoner guard and the setting of being a prison came from being an experiment to being just like a real prison- The experimenter, himself, was part of the experiment as a Prison Superintendent- He let the parents of the prisoners come to visit, like a real prison would- All participants in the experiment went from acting their parts to being the parts they were assigned- The participants have psychological affected Lecture 5 (September 16):Chapter 2What is culture? -BBC Trailer: The Human Planet- Language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and material objects- Material culture vs. Nonmaterial culture/symbolic culture- Ethnocentrism vs. cultural relativismE.g. female genital cutting- Different facets of symbolic culture (gestures, language, values, norms, sanctions) E.g. African American Vernacular English (AAVE) or “Ebonics”- Cultural Variation in Gestures- Sapir- Whorf hypothesis - Subcultures vs. countercultures-Chicago school vs. Birmingham school approach to studying subcultures- Cultural diffusion/ cultural lag/ cultural leveling- values (cluster, contradictions, clash)-Breaking Norms: doing nothing- Prescriptive vs. proscriptive sanctions3 types of norms:-folkways-mores-taboos-subcultures vs counterculturesLecture 6 (September 18):Film questions: Devil’s Playground1. Are the Amish a counterculture? 2. Do Amish values differ from mainstream American values? If so, how?3. What is “rumspringa”?Lecture 7 (September 23):Chapter 4 Macrosociology( functionalism, conflict theory) vs. microsociology( symbolic interactionism) Social structures and social institutions (definitions)( what are the institutions) Social Framework Social construction of reality (text) Goffman, dramaturgy ( text) Stereotypes(text) Gemeinschaft and gesellschaft Social locations Social facts Zimbardo – Quiet Rage, prisoners/guards Edin & Kefalas – Promises I Can Keep (why do poor teens have babies?) Chambliss – “saints ” & “roughnecks” Functionalist vs Conflict theorists view on social institution Components of Social Structure:• Culture• Social class• Social status: ascribed status, achieved status, master status• Roles• Groups• Social institutionsRolesA. Role vs. statusB. Status set vs. role set C. Role conflict vs. role strainD. Role exit Functionalists1. Social institutions serve social needs (functional requisites)2. Replace members3. Socialize new members4. Produce/distribute goods & services5. Preserve order6. Give sense of purpose to its membersLecture 8 (September 2):- From a functionalist perspective, what are the social functions of this camp? That is, sociologically speaking, what needs does this camp meet for the group’s members? (You will recall the list of functional requisites that functionalists believe social institutions fulfill.)- How would a conflict theorist view this camp? Who has the power here, and what are their goalsLecture 8


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