ENTO 322 1st Edition Lecture 12 Outline of Last Lecture I. Physiology & MorphologyII. Discussion of Systems Outline of Current LectureI. Part II of Lecture 11I. Insects in LiteratureII. Insects in Poetry Current LectureI. Physiology & morphology – direct linkagesII. Discussion of systemsa. Nervousb. Digestivec. Respiratoryi. Structure1. Spiracles acts as lungsa. Located on the medial sides of the insects2. Tracheae tubes and tracheole tubes that intertwine with the muscles called a direct system ii. Functions 1. Gas exchange2. Respiratory transport (oxygen)3. Waste removal (carbon dioxide)4. Shaping (molting/defense)5. Run by the nervous system iii. Adaptations 1. Air sacks2. Flexing body3. Moving wings 4. Elongated spiracle tubes 5. Gills (stoneflies & mayflies) d. CirculatoryThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.i. Structure1. Dorsal heart2. Open/splash system3. Ostium (openings in heart)4. Accessory pulsatile organ (move wings to make the system work faster)5. Heart muscles (expand and contract to move the blood up into thebrain)ii. Functions1. Circulate hemolymph (blood)2. Remove waste products (uric acid)3. Pressurizing body iii. Adaptations – operations done by the nervous system: pushups, wing rigidity, walking, open circulatory systeme. Reproductivei. Structure1. Sex specific 2. Located on the abdomen3. Spermatheca – the female can store sperm to fertilize the eggs whenever she is ready 4. Males (gamete = sperm)5. Male testis are located up in the abdomen 6. Males have a spermatophore (sperm sac)ii. Function 1. Produce gamete2. Direct fertilization – deliver gametes3. Eggs (ovum)4. Embryogenesis – produce viable zygote (embryo)5. Fertilization  embryogenesis  hatching (1st instar)iii. Adaptations 1. Chorion is the soft shell of the egg I. Insects in literature a. Geoffrey Chaucer – (1340-1400) “Canterbury Tales” (Pardoner’s Tale of Death) about the plague that killed people that involves insects b. Edgar Allan Poe – (1809-1849) “The Gold Bug” a story of a treasure hunt, dropped a golden bug into a skull that showed them the treasure map c. Franz Kafka – (1883-1924) “Metamorphosis” a man turns into a bug; the messagewas that all life is sacred d. Albert Camus – (1913-1960) “The Plague”II. Insects in poetry a. May Swenson – (1913-1989) “Four Word Lines” a love poemb. William Blake – (1757-1827) “The Fly” about the sacredness of lifec. John Donne – “The Flea” about a man obsessed with a woman and made a poemabout her, he wants a flea to bite him and her and have their blood intertwined inside the flea to make them become oned. Paul Fleischman – “Joyful Noise – Poems for Two