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UA COMM 101 - Nonverbal Communication

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COMM 101 Lecture 9 Outline of Last Lecture I. The Digital Nature of LanguageA. Language Relies on Shared Meaningi. Symbolsii. Rules for Using Symbols1. Syntactic2. Semantica. Denotationb. Connotation 3. PragmaticB. Relatively PreciseC. Allows the Expression of Abstract IdeasD. Self-ReflexiveII. Language and Thoughta. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesisb. Language Problemsi. Abstract Languageii. Inferencesiii. Dichotomiesiv. Euphemismsv. Equivocal LanguageIII. Learning Languagea. Behaviorismb. Linguistics/PsycholinguisticsOutline of Current Lecture I. Characteristics of Nonverbal CommunicationA. Definition of Nonverbal CommunicationB. FrequencyC. Importance D. Meaning II. Analogic Characteristics of Nonverbal Communicationa. Variable Intensityb. Potential for Universal MeaningThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.i. 6 Basic Human Emotionsc. Simultaneous Transmissiond. Spontaneous Transmissione. Automatic ProcessingIII. The Association Between Nonverbal Communication and Languagea. Replaceb. Reinforcec. ContradictIV. Nonverbal Channelsa. Kinesicsi. Body Orientationii. Gestures1. Emblems2. Adaptors3. Regulators4. Illustratorsiii. Facial Cuesiv. Oculesicsb. Objecticsc. Proxemicsd. Hapticse. Paralinguisticsf. ChronemicsV. Functions of Nonverbal Behaviorsa. Facilitating Service/Task Goalsb. Regulating Interactionc. Providing Informationd. Expressing Relational Judgmentsi. Intimacy/Affiliationii. Social Control/DominanceCurrent LectureI. Characteristics of Nonverbal CommunicationA. Definition of Nonverbal Communication (according to Tubbs): communication without words, the non-linguistic component of communicationB. Frequency: used much more often than words because all signals can be sent and understood at onceC. Importance: 93% of meaning in communication is nonverbalD. Meaning: can often be unclear or ambiguousII. Analogic Characteristics of Nonverbal Communicationa. Variable Intensity: like a volume knob, can control how much of the signal goes throughb. Potential for Universal Meaning: when you don’t speak the same language, it is possible to still communicate nonverballyi. 6 Basic Human Emotions1. Happiness2. Disgust/Contempt3. Anger4. Sadness5. Fear6. Surprise c. Simultaneous Transmission: can digest all messages at the same timed. Spontaneous Transmission: communicate nonverbally whether you are trying to or not; “one cannot not communicate”e. Automatic Processing: you can process nonverbal communication without thinking too much; it’s almost below the level of awarenessIII. The Association Between Nonverbal Communication and Languagea. Replace: such as waving instead of saying “hi”b. Reinforce: waving and saying “hi”c. Contradict: yelling “I’m not angry!” (most people believe nonverbal over verbal communication)IV. Nonverbal Channelsa. Kinesics: body languagei. Body Orientation: who you are facingii. Gestures:1. Emblems: replace verbal language (ie: thumbs up, giving the middle finger)2. Adaptors: people release adaptors when they’re nervous/anxious (ie: cracking knuckles, wringing hands)3. Regulators: used to regulate the flow of communication (ie: hold up hand to stop interruptions)4. Illustrators: help draw the picture for the audience (ie: pointing when giving directions)iii. Facial Cues: expressions; #1 source of nonverbal information, but humans are very good at masking emotions quicklyiv. Oculesics: eye behavior, what you’re looking at or focusing onb. Objectics: physical appearance and use of objects (ie: outfit)c. Proxemics: distance from peopled. Haptics: touchinge. Paralinguistics: nonverbal parts that go with language (ie: tone of voice, pitch,speed)f. Chronemics: time, and how it affects messages (ie: sending a text at 1:45 pmvs. 1:45 am)V. Functions of Nonverbal Behaviorsa. Facilitating Service/Task Goalsb. Regulating Interactionc. Providing Informationd. Expressing Relational Judgments: how we tell each other how we feel about each otheri. Intimacy/Affiliationii. Social Control/Dominance (ie: parent/coach


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UA COMM 101 - Nonverbal Communication

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