Atomic Radius TrendsAtomic Radii:Increase going down a family“Shielding” by inner shell electrons decreases effective nuclear (Zeff)Decrease going across a rowIncreased nuclear charge (z) moving across rowIncreased attraction for electrons in inner orbitals atomic size decreasesSmallest Atomic Radius: HeIonization Energy (IE):Amount of energy needed to remove 1 mole of e- from 1 mole of the ground-state atoms or ions in the gas phase (kJ/mole)X(g) X+(g) + e- (g)1st Ionization Energy (IE1): Mg(g) Mg+ (g)+e-2nd Ionization Energy (IE2): Mg+(g) Mg2+ (g)+e-Note: IE2>IE1Atom(g) ion+(g)+e- ΔE=IE1 >0Successive Ionization EnergiesZeff= #p- #core e-Electron Affinities (EA)Electron AffinityEnergy change that occurs when 1 mole of electrons combines with 1 mole of atoms or ions in the gas phaseCl(g) + e- Cl-(g) EA1 = -349 kJ/molAtom (g)+ e- Ion- (g) ΔE E=EA1Periodic TrendsEA values become more negative moving to the right and up in the periodic table.CHEM 111 1nd Edition Lecture 12 Outline of Last Lecture I. Anomalous Configurationsa. Electron Configuration of IonsII. Isoelectronic Atoms/IonsIII. Cations of Transitional Metals IV. Sizes of Atoms/Ionsa. Atomic Radius TrendsOutline of Current Lecture II. Atomic Radius TrendsIII. Ionization Energya. Successive Ionization EnergiesIV. Electron Affinities Current LectureThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Atomic Radius Trends-Atomic Radii:o Increase going down a family“Shielding” by inner shell electrons decreases effective nuclear (Zeff)o Decrease going across a rowIncreased nuclear charge (z) moving across rowIncreased attraction for electrons in inner orbitals atomic size decreases Smallest Atomic Radius: He Ionization Energy (IE):- Amount of energy needed to remove 1 mole of e- from 1 mole of the ground-state atoms or ions in the gas phase (kJ/mole)o X(g) X+(g) + e- (g)o 1st Ionization Energy (IE1): Mg(g) Mg+ (g)+e-2nd Ionization Energy (IE2): Mg+(g) Mg2+ (g)+e-- Note: IE2>IE1- Atom(g) ion+(g)+e- ΔE=IE1 >0Successive Ionization EnergiesZeff= #p- #core e-Electron Affinities (EA)-Electron Affinityo Energy change that occurs when 1 mole of electrons combines with 1 mole of atoms or ions in the gas phaseo Cl(g) + e- Cl-(g) EA1 = -349 kJ/molo Atom (g)+ e- Ion- (g) ΔE E=EA1-Periodic Trendso EA values become more negative movingto the right and up in the periodic
View Full Document
Unlocking...