Lecture 8Outline of Last Lecture I. Tobacco A. Media HistoryB. Social and Economic DilemmaC. Journal ReviewII. Caffeinea. Xanthineb. 3 Natural Sources and Other Sourcesc. As a Drugd. Physical and Psychological Dependencee. Mechanism of Actionf. Physiological Effectsg. Behavioral Effectsh. Health RisksOutline of Current Lecture III. Caffeinea. Health Risksb. Case ReportIV. Performance Enhancing Drugsa. Anabolic Steroid and Drug Abuse in Sportsb. The reason to use these Drugsc. History of Performance Enhancing Drugsd. Steroidsi. Hazards of Anabolic SteroidsCurrent LectureBefore we move on to the next chapter, we need to talk a little more in depth about the health risk and a case report done on a Japanese man. A major concern about the use of caffeine intake is that too much can result in caffenism. Caffenism, is when a person consumes about 1000mg over a short period of time, can result in extreme nervousness, agitation, muscle hyperactivity and twitching, insomnia, heart palpitations, and other is a conditions. One report was done of a Japanese man who for ten years took about twenty cups of coffee per day that felt hallucinations and they asked about his coffee intake and did some research on him. While in the mental hospital they took caffeine out of his daily diet and over time theses side effects started to diminish, but after he was released, he started to drink the same amount of coffee again the symptoms came back. So they figured out that the amount of caffeine caused him to have these terrible hallucinations and symptoms. This is are very rare cases to see and has not officially been said to be a psychological disorder. Medical professionals should keep in mind of the patient’s about their caffeine consumption. These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. BIOL 3303 1st EditionNow let’s talk about athletes and the use of performance enhancing drugs. The main concept to ask and think about is the reasons for the use of these drugs. One of the major reasons is the whole effect that a thousand of a second can make a difference between winning and losing. For an athlete, winning is the goal and some would do anything to win. As well as students and other people who would do anything to get to that position like law students or medical students. Throughout history the main use of these types of drugs have been in competitive sports. First we are going to talk about the drug taking behavior in sports. This start all the way back in the Olympic Games in ancient Greece. For the most they ate hallucinogenic mushrooms to improve performance or be connected with the gods. Then the gladiators used stimulants to sustain longer. By the end of the 19th century, people started to use cocaine and other strong like drugs. In the 1930s the introduction of anabolic steroids drugs entered in the competitive sports to alter the body structure and not just the endurance of the body. The main use for the drugs was to treat anemia and for muscle that were wasted away. The first effect is the androgenic hormone that promoted development of male characteristics. The second effect is the anabolic part, which is the increase in muscle tissue. This type of drug contains testosterone to produce these effects, the common name of this drug is anabolic steroids. In modern day Olympic Games, the main alert of the use of anabolic usage was when they saw the German woman swimmers have the features of a man, but many people started to question their sexuality and if they were using too much steroids. They later decided to have a code of anti-doping for all athletes. Some of the most recent news of an athlete using drugs was Lance Armstrong in 2012. Another sport that had a majority of their players was the NFL, but also college and high school students were found to use steroids. So overall by the 1980s they had screening for these athletes. Another major use of steroid among athletes is the MLB (Major League Baseball) who at the time did not have any regulation on the use steroids, until suspicious home runs were getting a little out of hand. The effect of a drug depends of the dosage intake of the drug, for men the testicle shrink and produce less spermthat can later lead into sterility, but this is for a high dosage intake over a long time. Other effects is the increase of the pectorals, painful penile erections, and enlargement of the prostate gland. Some the external effects are increased facial hair and less on the head. To reduce the likelihood of these effects is to mix steroids with human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). This hormone can cause their own side effects. Some psychological problem with these substances is the mood swings and aggressiveness, known as “roid rage.” The other type of problem is the calling of “girlie-men,” were they are viewed as big women because of the little middle part of the body and the huge arms and legs of the body also their emotional part of it. These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a