PSYCH 105 Lecture 8 Ch. 4 Consciousness and VariationOutline of Current Lecture I. ConsciousnessII. AttentionIII. The Dangers of Divided AttentionIV. Circadian RhythmsV. The Suprachiasmatic NucleusVI. Circadian RhythmsVII. SleepVIII. I’m tired…IX. NREM stage 1X. NREM Stage 2XI. NREM Stage 3/SWSXII. NREM Stage 4/SWSCurrent LectureI. Consciousness- Attention: The spotlight- Consciousness: What is visibleII. Attention- Limited Capacityo Size of focus- Selectiveo Cocktail party effect- Can be “blind”o Misdirectiono Inattentional Blindness Deafness too!o Change BlindnessIII. The Dangers of Divided Attention- Multi-Taskingo Division of attentiono Different tasks demand different types of attention…usually- Texting and Driving makes you 23x more likely to crash!- Talking on a Cell phone and driving: makes you 4x more likely to crashThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Texting and Walking: makes you 4x less likely to look before crossing the streetIV. Circadian Rhythms- Cyclical daily fluctuations in biological and psychological process that are about 24 hours long in humans- Circa: day, Dia: nightV. The Suprachiasmatic Nucleus- In Hypothalamus- The Master Clock- Responsive to Lighto Entrainment: How well able to stick to 24 cycle while being in total darkness.- Alertness, body temperature, sensitivity to pain, sleepiness, stress, etc. VI. Circadian Rhythms- “Free-running” Clocks- 24.2 hours- Phase advance (vs. delay)- Amplitude Strength o Shift workers, elderly, blind, depression- “social jetlag”o Desynchronizedo Increase risk for obesity, alcohol/caffeine/nicotine use, depression, stresso Chronotype- Better Circadian Rhythms?o Chronotypeo Sleep Hygieneo Mealso Exerciseo Light ExposureVII. Sleep- Electroencephalogram (EEG)o Synchronic brain waveso Polysomnogram EMG, EOG, temp, BP, HRo REM vs. NREMVIII. I’m tired…- I’m sleepy…o Adenosine- Yawningo Heightens awarenesso Contagious?- Beta waves (15-50hz)- Alpha waves (8-12hz)- Hypnagogic Hallucinationso Vivid sensory phenomena occurring during onset of sleepo Myclonic jerksIX. NREM stage 1- 4-5%- 4-8hz (theta)- Slow Eye Movements (SEMS)- Mixture of alpha and theta brain waves- Reduced muscle toneo Some twitching- Transition between waking and sleepingX. NREM Stage 2- 44-55% (the most!)- 4-15 hz (theta)o Spindleso K Complexes- Sleep spindles, K complexes, theta brain waves, and beginnings of delta waves- Reduced body temp, HR, BP- Memory Consolidation, Synaptic Pruning- No eye movementXI. NREM Stage 3/SWS- 4-6%- 2-4 hzo Spindles and slow waveso <50% Delta- Emergence of deep sleepo Slow wave sleep (SWS)- Restorative- Mixture of theta and delta brain wavesXII. NREM Stage 4/SWS- 12-15%- 0.5-2hzo High amplitude- Very deep sleepo Hard to wake- Cell repair, restoration, hormone release- Lowest body temp, BP, HR and breathing- No muscle