Slide 1Signatures – a unique identifier…Computer Display of Remote Sensing ImagesSlide 4Heat Island Effect: Atlanta, GAMonitoring Urban GrowthImpervious Surface MappingMt. Saint HelensFinding Fossils from SpaceWildlife HabitatsPrecision AgricultureNoxious Weed MapsAssessing and Monitoring Grass and Forest FiresSlide 14Monitoring DeforestationDust StormsPolar Ozone HoleRemote Sensing ApplicationsSignatures – a unique identifier…Computer Display of Remote Sensing ImagesIndividual bands of satellite data are “mapped” to the three “color guns” Color guns red, green, blueAt most, 3 bands can be displayed at onceDisplaying multispectral (mulitiple bands) data:Different color gun (red, green, or blue) assigned to each bandCombination of red + green + blue for each pixel produces color imageDisplaying panchromatic (single band) data: Single band sent to the each of the red/green/blue color guns produces greyscale image432 CompositeColor Infrared321 CompositeTrue Color3 for the price of 1…Heat Island Effect: Atlanta, GAMeasuring the effect the city has on its environment:Landsat TMLand use classification (bottom)Temperature map (top) computed from thermal bandIssue:Atlanta regularly exceeds the temperature of the surrounding environment by as much as 10 degrees.This extreme difference causes thunderstorms to be generated and promotes ground level ozone.http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/stories/Landsat/atlanta_heat.htmlMonitoring Urban Growth LandSat image Urban growth in the Washington D.C. metropolitan region 1973-1996Red areas: New urban infrastructure built 1973-1985Yellow: 1985-1990Blue 1990-1996Impervious Surface Mappinghttp://visibleearth.nasa.gov/view_rec.php?id=1792Baltimore/Washington area Shows extent of impervious surfaces. Red represents high concentrations of impervious surfaces. Blue represents moderate concentrations and green represents low concentrations of impervious surfaces. Base image: LandSat Impervious surface mapping: Derived from both LandSat & IKONOS satellite dataMt. Saint Helens1973 19831988 1992Eruption: May 18, 1980 eruptionImages before and after can be used to assess forest regrowthFinding Fossils from SpaceLandSat ImageRed: band 7 (shortwave infrared)Green: band 4 (near infrared)Blue: band 1 (blue) Vegetation & different rock types stand out clearly in this image target potential fossil sites http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/view_rec.php?id=188Double Crossing Prairie Dog ColonyShell Canyon Ant HillsCanyon Creek Trout Spawning BedsThe bright sandy patches are deposits from stream meanders that provide trout spawning beds. Wildlife HabitatsPositive Systems, Inc. Both ant hills and prairie dog mounds display a similar and distinct appearance in the imageryPrecision AgricultureWater Deficit Index (WDI): Indicates rate of evaporative water loss from cropped fieldsDetermined from measurements of field temperature and the spectral vegetation index measured by Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM)Tool for water conservation can be used to monitor the efficacy of irrigation and identify fields where evaporative water loss is greatest.Noxious Weed MapsThe figure at left is an example of a mapping project in the Northwestern United States. The purple pixels represent the values that are within the spectrum of spotted knapweed.Assessing and Monitoring Grass and Forest FiresASTER image (7/2001)13 years after fires burned > 1.6 million acres in Yellowstone National Park, the scars are still evident. Burned areas appear gray, unburned forests dark green. http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/gallery-detail.asp?name=yellowstonepark1999 Landsat Image Yellowstone Park Boundary plainly visible in this 1999 Graphically represents differences in managerial policies among governmental agencies of the Greater Yellowstone EcosystemMonitoring Deforestation197519861992Light blue: Deforested land & urban areas Red: Healthy vegetationDust StormsPolar Ozone HoleTOMS: Total Ozone Mapping SpectrometerSouth Polar ozone hole imageCentered on
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