GEOG 202 Lecture 1 Outline of Current Lecture- Population Pyramids- The Demographic Transition- Population Movements - Culture- Geopolitical Framework- Economic and Development Indicators- Social Development Indicators - Latitude and Longitude- Map ProjectionsCurrent LectureChapter 1-*Review tables and graphs in textbook*-Compare and Contrast, then analyze.-Total fertility rate: average number of kids a woman in that country will have in her lifetimeo2.1 is value for no population growth per generation -Population PyramidsoPositive GrowthoNo growth oNegative growth-The Demographic TransitionThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.oAs a region industrializes, death rate drops followed by birth rate which then raises the population. Death rate and birth rate end up similar after but are much lower than preindustrial -Populations MovementsoMigration-Voluntary-Forced (ex. Refugees, slaves)-Push vs. pull factorsPush = forcedPull = attracted-Mostly Rural to UrbanToday the world is slightly over 50% urban Urbanization shows industrialization -Cultureo"Learned and shared behavior by a group of people empowering them with a distinct ‘way of life'"-Includes material (technology, tools, etc.) and immaterial (speech, religion, values, etc.) componentsoShortened to Learned Behavior-Not geneticoLanguage and ReligionoWhen Cultures Collide-Cultural imperialismMore than one culture in the same place at the same time. One party takes over the others and wipes it out-Cultural nationalismMore than one culture occupies the same space at the same time but they coexist Aware of the other culture and can lead to more outward expression and pride (nonaggressive)-Cultural syncretism or hybridizationCultures mix and create a new culture. Implies that none of the previous culture survives, brand new culture.-Geopolitical FrameworkoNations vs. States-Nation - culture group, can occupy multiple countries or places-State - political group, countries because of boundaries and governments-Nation-states meet both criteriaoEthnic Separatism - competing forcesoCentrifugal forces: pull awayoCentripetal forces: unity oColonialism and Decolonization-When a more powerful country moves to other parts of the world, takes over and imposes the powerful country's government and way of life.-Generally for natural resources and wealth and colonized country usually hates it -Leaves parts of powerful country behind even after they leave -Economic and Development Indicators oGDP outdated, GNI is now used (Gross National Income)-Includes GDP, but also includes services oGlobal economic order in flux?-China moving into 1st place -Social Development IndicatorsoHealth CareoLiteracy RatesoGender inequalities -Latitude and LongitudeoEquator: 0 deg. LatitudeoTropics: between 23.5 deg. N and S latitudeoArctic: 66.5 degrees N or S latitudeoN pole: 90 degrees N latitudeoS pole: 90 degrees S latitudeoPrime Meridian: 0 degrees longitude at Greenwich, EnglandoN,S,E,W hemisphere-Map Projections oEvery map distorts something-Direction (true