BIOL 319 1st Edition Lecture 1I. Osmolarity vs Molarity a. depends on ionizabilityII. Axial and Appendicular SkeletonIII. Skull Cavities and SinusesIV. Infant Skull- Idea that Structure of Body varies Throughout LifeV. Vertebral Structurea. cervical- 7b. thoracic- 12c. lumbar- 5d. sacrum and coccyx- fused bonese. intervertebral discs made of fibrocartilage to absorb shock in between vertebraeVI. Vertebral Curvaturea. lordosisb. kyphosisc. scoliosisVII. Bone Categoriesa. long bones- diaphysis (long shaft), 2 epiphysis on either ends of bone, medullary cavity within boneb. flat bones and collar bone develop from mesenchyme (embryonic tissue)c. spongy bone within epiphysis- hold bone marrow- VERY IMPORTANTVIII. Marrow- 2 Typesa. Red- mitosis forming blood cells; found in epiphysisb. Yellow- fat; found in diaphysisIX. Structure of Compact Bonea. basic structural unit: osteonb. elongated cylinderc. matrix within called lamellaed. Haversian/Central canale. Periosteum- outer liningf. Endosteum- inner liningg. Blood vessels, nerve fibers, perforating canals running throughout and connect osteons, calcified collagen fibers for strengthh. Osteocytes- bone cells- live within lacunae in lamellae and connected through canaliculi (canals)X. Types of Lamellaea. circumferential- wraps around boneThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.b. interstitial- fills gaps between osteonsXI. Spongy Bonea. Trabeculaeb. Irregular lamellaec. Osteocytes in canaliculid. Contains red marrow and blood vesselse. Can be found at/in ends of long