BMS 300 1st Edition Lecture 16 Outline of Last Lecture I. The Endocrine System -secretion without ducts -functions 1. chemical intracellular communication >autocrine >paracrine >endocrine II. The Chemical Signals -hormones 1. peptides/proteins 2. modified amino acids >tyrosine >tryptophan 3. modified cholesterol >steroids 4. modified fatty acids >prostaglandins III. Receptor for the Signal These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-hormone receptor interaction H + a HR (hormone receptor) -law of massration-equilibrium: Kd IV. Concept of affinity: “stickiness” V. Concept of specificity -FIT VI. Effects -enzyme activity -channel activity -exo/endocytosis -gene regulationOutline of Current Lecture VII. GPen as transmembrane protein receptor- cascade of cellular events affecting enzymes1. Gpen >adenylyc cyclase -cyclic AMP >downstream affect VIII. Steroid Hormone Receptors -cytoplasmic receptors -regulation of gene transcription and translation -structure and function of steroid hormone receptors-DNA as molecules of life 1. stores information about RNA structures 2. RNA structure stores information about protein structure IX. The Hypothalamic Pituitary Axis -hypothalamus and the posterior pituitary1. posterior pituitary >nucleus secreting hormonesvasopression oxytocin2. anterior pituitary >adenothypophysis rat hake’s pouch hypothalamic pituitary pontac system releasing hormones troph cells-stimulation hormones target glandCurrent LectureG Protein coupled receptors as transmembrane proteinsAdenlylcylase: converts ATP to cyclic adenosine (cAMP)Conformational structural change: leads to enzymatic activation -the binding of the hormone can: 1. affect enzymatic activity 2. cAMP can regulate the opening and closing of channels -can also regulate endo and exocytosis -also regulate transcription and translation The Role of Steroid Hormones in Gene Translation and Transcription -the backbone of cholesterol -hydrophobic -all steroid hormones are built from cholesterol -all bond to cytoplasmic steroid hormone receptorsSteroid Hormone Receptor -that’s with the steroid hormone binding domain -then go to the nuclear access domain: has the keys to the nuclear pores-then the DNA binding domain: once it’s in the DNA binds to just the right set of
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