POLS 2311 1st Edition Lecture 13 Outline of Last Lecture I. Exam 1 OverviewII. Optional ProjectOutline of Current Lecture I. England 932 A.D. Video II. 1st Amendment: Freedom of ReligionIII. The Supreme Court Establishment ClauseIV. Establishment ClauseV. Marsh v. Chambers 1983. VI. Lemon V. KurtzmanCurrent LectureI. England 932 A.D. Video - The “King” goes out to find who lives in certain castles and the peasants argue with him that they shouldn’t be in a dictatorship and that they didn’t vote for him. They didn’t think he should have the right to rule them. - Witch trialso They dressed a lady up as a witch so they could punish and burn her.o They tried to tell if she was a witcho They came to the conclusion that if she was made of wood and weighed as much as a duck then she was a witch. II. 1st Amendment; Freedom of Religion- The First Amendment states that: “Congress shall make no law…o Respecting an establishment of religion, o Or prohibiting the free exercise thereof;…” Because it is vague, courts often decide what it means. - Millsap’s ancestor was named frodg and she was accused of being a witch and was suppose to pay a fine and go to prison, but her husband fought the charge and she never had to go or pay anything. III. The Supreme Court and the Establishment Clause- The Supreme Court has ruled that official lead prayer and bible reading (religious services) in government schools are a unconstitutional violation of separation of church and state. These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Remember, the constitution protects you from government, thus, private schools are exempt from restrictions. o There is a difference between what the government does and what private institutions do. IV. Establishment Clause- The Court prohibits organized Bible reading and prayer in public school because why?o Pressure to conform can cause one to think less of another who believes differentlyo And is either a direct or indirect coercion on minority. o Youth are impressionable. V. Marsh v. Chambers 1983. - Open government meetings with prayer okay since it is only a “tolerable acknowledgement of beliefs.” VI. Lemon V. Kurtzman- In 1971, Lemon v. Kurtzman, the Court ruled that New York State could not use state funds to pay parochial school teachers’ salaries. - The be Constitutional the challenged practice must: 1. Have a secular purpose. 2. Neither advance nor inhibit religion. 3. Not foster excessive government entanglement with religion. - In 1980, in Stone v. Graham, this Lemon Test was used to invalidate a Kentucky law that required the posting of the Ten Commandments in public school classrooms because “it is a religious
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