SOC101 1nd Edition Lecture 1Outline of Previous Lecture I. The Sociological PerspectiveA. Definition of sociological perspective: understanding human behavior by placing it within its broader social contextB. Sociology: the study of human behavior and societyII. Karl Marx: founding father of sociologyA. Marx’s 4 Types of Alienation: product alienation, activity alienation, species alienation, social alienationB. Product Alienation: Workers alienated from the product of their labor( spend days making products but don’t own the products)C. Activity Alienation: Workers alienated from their everyday activities ( doing the work for someone else)D. Species Alienation: Workers alienated from their own essential nature( Alienated from the dream you want to accomplish, to grow as a species)E. Social Alienation: Workers alienated from each other (separated from each other)III. Class conflict: capitalist must exploit workers in order to survive in cut-throat business environment, workers must resist in order to not become dehumanizedIV. Conflict theory: Inherent conflict between two classes of people( inevitable power-struggle between Proletariat and Bourgeoisie)A. Bourgeoisie: the capitalist that do own the mean of production—the money, land, factories and machines B. Proletariat: the exploited owners who do not own means of productionV. Emile Durkheim and Social Integration VI. 2 forms of social integration: mechanical solidarity and organic solidarityA. Mechanical Solidarity: social cohesion (likeness of people in a given society, shared rituals/beliefs)B. Social cohesion prevents societies from disintegration through more cooperation/kinship being more vital than individualismC. Note***More cooperation is replaced with something new that leads to new forms of mechanical solidarityD. Organic Solidarity: depends on each other, like organs of a body depend on each otherVII. Max Weber and CapitalismA. Protestant Ethic: hard work leads to salvationB. Verstenhen: need to understand personal meanings of social phenomena( understanding personal meanings)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.C. Weber looked at the relationship between religion and labor and found because of the Protestant Reformation, more Protestants would do good and work hard in orderto gain salvation.VIII. Theoretical Perspectives in Contemporary SociologyIX. Important People: Emile Durkheim, Robert Merton, Talcott ParsonsX. Symbolic Interactions: symbols-things to which we attach meaning, are the key to understanding how we view the world and communicate with one anotherXI. Functionalism: Robert K. Merton’s ideas that the image of society as a whole unit composed of parts that work together to produce social stabilityA. Manifest functions: intended action that help some part of the system with intendedconsequencesB. Latent functions: not intended action with unintended consequences that help a system adjustC. Social dysfunctions: intended action with unintended consequencesXII. Conflict TheoryA. conflict=central aspect of lifeB. Inequality-> completion for resourcesXIII. Split Horn: Life of a Hmong Shaman in America1. Where are the Hmong from?2. Who is the narrator?3. How does this film demonstrate the idea that people are shaped by the society in which they live?4. How does this film demonstrate the concept of “mechanical solidarity”?XVI. Answers to Split Horn1. Small town in Southeast Asia2. The youngest daughter of the Shaman healer/spiritual leader from Appleton, Wisconsin3. When they lived in Southeast Asia, they wore different clothes and practiced different rituals than those that Americans do. Likewise, in America people can date whoever theywant, but for the Hmongs it is rare to not date other Hmongs With this in mind, the older son of the Hmong is dating a non-Hmong woman. His parents tells him to get married, but he refuses. One of the daughters was baptized and married into a Christian family. 4. Coming to America, the Shaman healer would keep his family close together through theuse of his culture and