CH 302 1st Edition Lecture 15 Outline of Last Lecture I. Clicker QuestionsII. Review BuffersIII. Acid-Base TitrationsIV. Polyprotic AcidsOutline of Current Lecture I. Chernobyl IncidentII. Difference between nuclear and chemical changesIII. Fission ReactionsIV. Fusion ReactionsCurrent LectureChernobyl-What Happened: April 26, 1986- Operator error – cooling water mistake- Explosion- 9 tons of nuclear material blown into sky 100 times normal background radiation- Was not a nuclear explosion- Chemical explosion occurredWhat is the difference between nuclear and chemical changes?- Compare energy release upon change- Compare what is conserved across the change- Types of change and how to recognize type of changeChemical Change:- Atoms rearrange- Atomic identity does not changeNuclear Change:- Mass is not conserved - Nuclear changes- Change in atomic identity is likely to occur- Matter is converted to energy- Energy can be converted into matter Fission Reactions:- Nucleus splits up- Number of protons are conserved- Neutrons are conserved- Chain reaction occurs- Neutrons are conservedHow does fission produce energy?- Products have lower energy- Real mass of reactants and products- Mass is lostWhat is fusion?- When nuclei fuse together - Examples are the sun and
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