TAMU talk title page.pdfFrom Sensing to Information - Everything Under the SunTAMU talk part 2From Sensing to Information:Everything Under the Sun (LA-UR 09-02038)Andrea PalounekSpace and Remote Sensing Sciences (ISR-2)Los Alamos National [email protected] Alamos National LaboratoryWe go from wild ideas to useful applications –with all the steps in betweenNonproliferationSpace WeatherSensor ArraysLightningStellar LunarProspectorVelaGamma-ray BurstsSolar Wind PhysicsRF/EMP DetectionMachine LearningTheory and ModelingAutonomous ComputingO ti l/RF R t S iPlanetary CompositionNuclear Detonation DetectionStellar FormationTreaty Monitoring & VerificationV SensorAtmospheric scienceRF EMPGPSNational SecurityMissionsCoreScience andTechnologySolar Wind PhysicsOptical/RF Remote SensingAnomalous Change DetectionImage Analysis & InterpretationComplex Algorithm Dev. & SimReconfigurable ComputingI f ti S i d Space Situational AwarenessFast Transient AstrophysicsReconfigurable ComputingNeutral Atom ImagingSatellite TechnologiesX-ray, γ-ray DetectionMicrocalorimetryEnergy and Water SecurityInformation Science and Knowledge ExtractionHigh Power ElectrodynamicsIonospheric PhysicsμcalorimetrySAVE/SABRSWater on Moon & MarsCometary PhysicsMicrocalorimetryNeutron ImagingRadiation EffectsNeutron PhysicsPersistent SurveillanceIonospheric PhysicsForteLAPPMeteoritesPetaVisionForteCFEMTIOur Division Represents 40+ Years of Space Experience: 1400 sensors, 400 instruments, 60 satellitesFORTÉALEXISVELA HOTELALEXISDSPGPSMulti-Spectral Thermal ImagerCibola Flight Experiment-Space-based R&D Flight Demo w/RCCImagerDemo w/RCCWe Began with Nuclear Detonation DetectionDetection…Space • Gamma Rays• Neutrons• X-rays~100 km~100 kmTransition Region • Optical30 km30 kmBelow Ground•SeismicLow Altitude• Gamma Rays• Neutrons•Seismic• Hydro-acousticLow Altitude • Optical• Electromagnetic Pulse•InfrasoundInfrasound…and Now Include Proliferation Detection100 km100 km30 km30 kmThink of the problem through the process of acquiring and using a weaponNuclear ProliferationNuclear ProliferationProliferation Detection andRaw Material Extraction & PreparationRaw Material Extraction & Preparation EnrichmentEnrichment Production ReactorProduction ReactorDetection and Response is a complex, multidimensional blChemical &Chemical &Storage & Storage & DeploymentDeploymentDevice Fabrication & Device Fabrication & NonNon--nuclear testingnuclear testingWeapons Weapons Material Material ProcessingProcessingReprocessingReprocessingproblemChemical & Chemical & Biological Biological ProliferationProliferationField TestingField TestingggStorage & Storage & Dl tDl tFactory Production Factory Production fA tfA tWeaponization & Weaponization & PkiPkiDeploymentDeploymentof Agentof AgentPackagingPackagingElectro-magnetic pulse sensor heritage is a classic example of Los Alamos development strategyUNCLASSIFIEDexample of Los Alamos development strategy Focused short-term R&D supports eventual operational capabilityOperational SensorsOperational SensorsGPS IIA/IIR W-SensorGPS IIF V-SensorVela W-SensorGPS III V-Sensor???R&D Sensors (“Free-flyers”)???ALEXIS/Blackbeard (1993 launch)FORTE (1997 launch)CFE (2007 launch)UNCLASSIFIEDISR-2 Sensor Development for SatellitesUNCLASSIFIED V-Sensor• Sophisticated radio receiver designed to detect emissions from nuclear detonations• Supports treaty verification for the US Government• Hosted on the US Air Force GPS (Global Positioning System) satellite constellation• ISR Division satellite sensor heritage dates back to the Vela program of the 1960sback to the Vela program of the 1960s• V-Sensor is designed and produced by the LANL space science/engineering groupsTechnicians adjust a V-Sensor antenna on a GPS Block IIF space vehicle (B i h t h)(Boeing photograph)UNCLASSIFIEDPOC: David A. Smith, [email protected] Los Alamos Portable PulserUNCLASSIFIED The LAPP produces a pbroadband VHF signal that mimics what would come from a nuclear weapon The signalnuclear weapon. The signal, broadcast into space through this dish antenna, is used to calibrate EMP sensors on orbiting satellites.UNCLASSIFIEDPOC: Kalpak A. Dighe, [email protected] is a violent atmospheric event: an excellent remote sensing tracer to study severe weatherremote sensing tracer to study severe weatherLightning has complex structure and a broad spectrum. A significant portion of the RF transientspectrum. A significant portion of the RF transient is below 10 MHz, undetectable from space. ⇒Terrestrial RF remote sensingLightning SpectrumLightning SpectrumLightning WfWaveformsTerrestrial RF remote sensing is a multidisciplinary effort of physics, collection, and information integrationeffort of physics, collection, and information integrationDeploymentSignal Propagation• Ionosphere limits signal propagation for RF <~10-30 MHzSensor• Meas. physics: power, E, B• Antenna•Filtering & TuningDeployment• Ground, air, seapropagation for RF <~10-30 MHz• Reflection, refraction, transmission, waveguideFiltering & Tuning• Digitization & recordingRF Signatures• Persistent: Radio• Transient: LightningInformation• Multiple sensor geolocation• Signal characterization and classificationThe Los Alamos Sferic Array (LASA) exploits modern advances for distributed terrestrial RF remote sensingadvances for distributed terrestrial RF remote sensingKey Modern Advances• IT components: computer, digitizerAntennaSignal conditioningDigitizationdigitizer• IT infrastructure: Internet• Absolute reference: GPSconditioninggEvent Capture &TriggeringInternetCapture & Report(Wireless) WANGPSTiming & TriggeringDeployed SensorsMulti-site info integration3D GeolocationGPS receiverLocation ReferencePower &Event profile retrieval & processingSensor managementDeployment HostPower & MechanicalProcessing ServerHostPOC: Cheng Ho, [email protected] has a rich history of deployment and scientific results2005 GPN DeploymentFour-station detection allowed us to ltgeolocate and classify.LASA GPN array 2005 observed d h t i d H i Ritand characterized Hurricane RitaLASA is being reinvigorated in 2008-2009 with the Gulf as the observation focal pointCi l f 1000Circle of 1000 km radiusLASA2005Deployed as of 20081015Planned deploymentC ll b ti ( t ti )Collaborative sensors (representative)We continue to improve on LASA LASA Improvements• System robustness• Optimization• Component upgrades and