MUSI 2060 Lecture 3Outline of Last Lecture I. Origins of BluesII. Father of the BluesIII. Classic 12 Bar BluesIV. Rural Country Bluesa. General Traitsb. Texas Rural Bluesc. Mississippi Delta BluesOutline of Current Lecture I. Urban (city) Bluesa. Texas Urban Bluesb. Chicago Urban BluesII. Boogie Woogiea. General CharacateristicsIII. Country & WesternCurrent Lecture- Urban (city) blueso What led to urban blues Great Depression & Dust Bowl: migration to North & West - Industrialization, steel mills 1930s: electric guitar invented- Affects music moving from South to North o Texas Urban Blues Stronger influence on other blues and jazz than on rock Generally use horns in back-up band Saxophone often the solo instrument Strong piano basis (rather than guitar) Aaron “T-Bone” Walker (1910-1975)- “Call It Stormy Monday Blues” (rec. 1947)- Huge influence on rock guitarist- Many guitar solos/fills; mostly single note riffs- Was Lemon Jefferson’s “eyes” Moves towards CaliforniaThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Chicago Blues Derived from Mississippi Delta Blues Most influential on rock music Instrumental solos used on recordings- Harmonic, piano, guitar Use of slide guitar Frequent slides between notes Frequent use of bent notes Frequent use of double-stopped strings, bent double-stops (2 strings) Intricate rhythm patterns, polyrhythms (polyphonic) Single string fills (Esp. B.B. King) William Broomsy: influential on guitarists- “The Blues Guy” Muddy Waters: strong influence on rock- “Blow Wind Blow” (rec. 1950)- Helped by Broomsy & leaves Chicago- Blues were left in his hand when Broomsy died Chester Barnett (Howlin’ Wolf)- Known for oppressive guitar style (very loud)- Also played harmonica (solos) Walter “Shakey” Horton- Chicago blues harp style on harmonica- Boogie Woogieo Piano blues popular in late 1920s-1940so During jazz “Swing Era”, was popular with dance bands & their audienceo Aka “honky tonk”: type of bar in which the style originatedo Possibly from Mandingo word buga (to beat a drum)o Possibly from English slang bogy (dark appartition; later used as a derogatory term for blacks- General Characteristics of Boogie Woogieo 8 quick pulses per measure (8 to the bar)o Use barrelhouse rhythm Bounce: long & short halves of the beato Improvised right hand parto Steady pattern (ostinato; riff) in left hando Uses 12 bar blues progressiono Complex polyrhythms between 2 hands 3 pulses in right; 2 in lefto Meade “Lux” Lewis “Honky Tonky Train Blues” (rec. 1937)- Country & Westerno Derived from folk music brought to US by Anglo/Irish/Scottish settlerso Early century people call it “old time music” or “old timey”o 1920s: record executives called it “hillbilly music”o On early radio programs on Saturday nights The Grand Ole Opry (Nashville)o Maybelle Carter (important matriarch of this music) Plays guitar “Wildwood
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