ESS 205 Anatomy and Physiology Lecture 3 Outline of Last Lecture I. Development of Cell TheoryII.Concepts of Cellular StructureIII.Cell SurfaceIV. Membrane TransportV. CytoplasmOutline of Current Lecture VI. Permeability of Plasma Membranea. Two classificationsVII.Passive TransportVIII.Active TransportIX. Carrier MediatedX. Non Carrier MediatedCurrent Lecture1. The plasma membrane is selectively-permeable, meaning it controls what goes in and out of the cell. There are two intertwined classification systems. The first is passive and active transport. 2. Passive=no energy, down the concentration gradient. Think of a river going DOWN stream. 3. The other is active which requires energy and goes up the concentration gradient or UP the river. Carrier and Non-Carrier Mediated on the other hand indicate whether a certain kind of membrane transportation needs help. Carrier mediated means that it helps carry solutes across. Non-carrier mediated means the opposite. Whatever method of membrane transport needs no help. a. One of the ways it does this is through filtration which is passive-meaning no energy-and non-carrier mediated meaning it does not need any “help” to complete its “task.” Filtration specifically requires hydrostatic pressure. An example of filtration would be capillaries.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.b. Simple Diffusion is also passive and non-mediated. This is simply the flow of particles down its concentration gradient. Meaning it travels FROM a high concentration to a LOW concentration. i. The temperature, molecular weight, steepness of concentration gradient, membrane surface area, and membrane permeability all play a part in diffusion rates and how fast they occur. c. Osmosis is passive and non-mediated, but ONLY deals with the diffusion of WATER through a selectively-permeable membrane. 4. Carrier mediated transport are proteins that carry solutes across the membrane. They exhibit specificity meaning it carries only specific solutes. It also exhibits saturation. This means that after the cell has reached its maximum number of solutes, the carrier proteins will stop. a. Facilitated Diffusion is passive but carrier mediated. It needs no direct energy.b. Active transport is also carrier mediated. Instead of being passive though, it is active. It moves up its concentration gradient. An example would be the sodium-potassium pump.i. There are multiple functions to the sodium-potassium pump.ii. It regulates cell volume, acts as a back-up mechanism if the primary active transport fails, used for heat production, and acts as a maintenance on all membrane potentials in the cell. The inside of the cell should have a negative charge and the outside of the cell should have a positive charge. 5. Non-carrier Mediated as already stated means no help. Vesicular Transport is active BUT non carrier mediated. This is the transport of large particles or fluid droplets through a membrane in bubble like vesicles. It makes use of exocytosis-transport out of the cell and endocytosis-transport into the cell. Think of a