Reli 180 1nd Edition Lecture 10 Outline of Last Lecture I. History of the ExpansionII. Qur’anOutline of Current Lecture I. BackgroundII. PeopleIII. The Course of the First Civil WarCurrent LectureThe Struggle for Leadership of the Community, 34-73/655-692a. fitna ("seduction," "temptation") as a term for Civil WarII. Background of the First Civil Wara. initial succession as "commander of the Believers" by decision of a Council (shura)III. Abu Bakr, 632-634IV. `Umar, 634-644V. `Uthman, 644-656VI. selection based on close association with Muhammad and pietyVII. tensions during the reign of `Uthmana. competition over lootb. arguments over ownership and taxation of conquered landc. tensions between soldiers and well-connected landownersd. positions of responsibility giving to youthe. possible tribal disagreements with newcomersf. resentment of domination by Quraysh, esp. `Uthmani. favoritism towards relativesii. his minor alteration of pilgrimage ritualiii. resentment of his codification of the Qur'ang. conflicting accounts of the revolt, lack of leadershipVIII. The Course of the First Civil War (35-40/656-661)a. assassination of `Uthman, 656b. selection of `Ali, with support from his faction (shi`a)c. Mu`awiya (in Damascus) rejects `Alid. `A'isha and allies raise army for "battle of the camel"These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.e. `Ali's attempt to appoint governors known for pietyf. failure to punish the assassins led some to avoid choosing sidesg. Battle of Siffin, 657, postponed for arbitrationh. `Ali is deserted by ultra-pious believers for caving in to arbitration --> Kharijite faction attacks him as a sinneri. failure of the arbitration and recalcitrance of Mu`awiya, who claims to be commander of the Believers, conquers Egyptj. suppression of the Kharijite rebellion and its sequels (one of them assassinates `Ali in 661)k. `Ali's son Hasan abdicates in favor of Mu`awiyal. criteria for leadershipi. pietyii. precedence in the communityiii. kinship to the prophet (a later development)iv. practical leadership
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