HIST 106 1st Edition Lecture 13 Outline of Last Lecture For the next few lectures we re going to keep playing catch up We ll begin by finishing up the lecture on THE GREAT HUMANITARIAN AND THE GREAT DEPRESSION Then we ll get started on the lecture on FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE FIRST NEW DEAL LECTURE OUTLINE FOR THE GREAT HUMANITARIAN AND THE GREAT DEPRESSION Hoover and Republican Dominance in the 1920s Emphasis on Small Government Periodic Corruption Scandals The Great Humanitarian Hoover and Humanitarian Aid Government Works for Business Crash and Crisis Hoover s Response Who Did He Blame What Did He Do What Did He Not Do Depression and Desperation National Trends Impact on Families Resistance Revolution LECTURE OUTLINE FOR FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE FIRST NEW DEAL 1932 Election and Interregnum The First Hundred Days Relief Recovery Reform Outline of Current Lecture LECTURE OUTLINE FOR FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE FIRST NEW DEAL 1932 Election and Interregnum The First Hundred Days Relief Recovery Reform Current Lecture 1932 Election and Interregnum 1 The First Hundred Days a Relief programs designed to provide immediate help i Immediate aid to people ii Wanted to help banks 1 Proclaimed 4 day bank holiday a Banks had to close b People couldn t draw their money out c Stopped shut down 2 Calls congress together and pushes emergency banking act a All banks had to be inspected before they could reopen b Federal government would assist and reorganize some 3 Fire side chat a Told people to go to banks and make deposits i Assured it was safest place for money ii Showed government support 4 Banks reopen a Deposits outnumber withdrawals iii Beer wine revenue act 1 Said there were more things the government should be worried about then fighting organized crime 2 Taxes could bring in more revenue than banning alcohol prohibition 3 21st amendment a Repeals 18th amendment b Ends prohibition on a federal level states can still enact it though iv Wants to halt massive unemployment 1 Opposed direct charity on principle but decided it was a necessary temporary principle 2 Congress passes FERA Federal Emergency Relief Administration a Gave 500 million in federal dollars to states b States were supposed to use money within borders as they saw fit i Many opposed just giving cash handouts ii Wanted to work vs just getting money c Provided food and provisions to needy v Civilian conservation Corps CCC 1 Provide jobs 2 Conserve America s natural resources 3 Hired young unmarried men between 17 25 to undertake conservation project a Signed up for 6 months to live in CCC camp i Were given room and board and a stipend that they were required to send home 4 Excluded women 5 Camps were segregated vi Civil Works Administration CWA 1 Variety of short jobs designed to get people through the winter a Primarily focused on building infrastructure roads bridges schools etc vii Common ideas in relief efforts 1 Shared belief in value of work 2 Aimed at building nation s infrastructure 3 Wanted to put money in people s pocket so that the economy would be boosted b Recovery programs helping economy to recover i Emphasizes on restoring through private industry ii National Industrial Recovery Act NIRA 1 Established National Recovery Administration NRA a Brought together companies from competing industry b Leaders drafted laws and codes for industry i Intended to create fair competition and worker s rights to join unions c Established minimum wages and max hours d Intended to reduce tension between bosses and employers e Industry that followed these codes could post signs with the blue eagle and American s were encouraged to only support these businesses f Hoped to jump start employment and increase purchasing power iii Public Works Administration 1 Gave private industry 3 billion dollars to construct public works public facilities such as airports hospitals schools churches etc 2 Built thousands of roads schools and sewage lines 3 Many still used today iv Agriculture Adjustment Act AAA 1 Intended to help farmers make more money by restricting production in order to reduce supply 2 Administration paid farmers to NOT grow crops a Received 30 cents for every bushel of corn they didn t grow b By the time act was passed season had already started so they paid farmers to kill crops and extra animals wasteful 3 Prices of crops tripled 4 Incomes doubled 5 Controversial idea and received much outrage 6 Only landowners got paid a This hurt share croppers as most would just pocket the money b Needed fewer sharecroppers as more fields weren t supposed to be used v Recovery programs designed to stimulate production get people to work long term and raise incomes