Multimedia NetworkingOutlineMultimediaA Digital Communication SystemAudio Coding StandardsVideo Coding EvolutionOutlineOSI v.s. TCP/IPSenderReceiverLayer 1 DeviceLayer 2 DeviceLayer 3 DeviceRouter Architecture OverviewLayer 4 DeviceThe network edge:The Network CoreElements of a wireless networkElements of a wireless networkWireless TechnologiesSlide Number 21Slide Number 22OutlineInternet Media StreamingDelay and JitterQuality of Service (QoS) for Multimedia NetworkingNetwork Layer Unicast & Multicast StreamingApplication Layer Multicast Streaming: CDN and P2POutlineVoIP – e.g. SkypeIPTV – e.g. JOOSTMilitary CommunicationsTelematics (Telecommunication + Informatics)Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC)PReVENT - WILLWARNPReVENT - WILLWARNSlide Number 37INFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYMultimedia NetworkingVictor GauInformation Processing Lab.2008/03/07INFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYOutline• Introduction• Network Basics• Quality of Service• Applications– VoIP– IPTV– TelematicsINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYMultimedia• Multimedia (Lat. Multum + Medium) is media that utilizes a combination of different content forms.Text Audio Still ImageAnimation Video InteractivitySource: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MultimediaINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYA Digital Communication SystemChannel EncoderCommunication ChannelSource EncoderChannel DecoderSource DecoderModulatorDemodulatorDigitalAnalog/RFINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYAudio Coding Standards• MPEG-1 three Audio Layers – MP3 is actually MPEG-1 Layer 3. • Dolby AC3 Audio Coding (5.1 channels, DVD)• MPEG-2 Audio (Backward Compatible “BC”, and Advanced Audio Coding “AAC”)• MPEG-4 Audio (AAC) & High Efficiency AAC• Microsoft Windows Media 9 Audio (WMA9)– multi-channel music distribution and movie sound tracks at broadband rates (e.g., encode 5.1 channels at 128 Kbps)INFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYVideo Coding Evolution 2002: WMV 9, 15-50% better than WMV 8 (e.g., video smoothing) 2004: VC1, HD version of WMV 9 (adopted in blue-ray HD-DVD)INFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYOutline• Introduction• Network Basics• Quality of Service• Applications– VoIP– IPTV– TelematicsINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYOSI v.s. TCP/IPINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYSenderNetwork AccessInternetTransportApplicationPhysicalUser dataTCPHeaderIPHeaderNetwrokHeaderApplication byte streamTCPsegmentIPdatagramNetwork-levelpacketINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYReceiverNetwork AccessInternetTransportApplicationPhysicalUser dataTCPHeaderIPHeaderNetwrokHeaderApplication byte streamTCPsegmentIPdatagramNetwork-levelpacketINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYLayer 1 DeviceApplicationPresentationSessionTransportNetworkData LinkPhysicalApplicationPresentationSessionTransportNetworkData LinkPhysicalPhysicalLink / Hub / RepeaterINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYLayer 2 DeviceApplicationPresentationSessionTransportNetworkData LinkPhysicalApplicationPresentationSessionTransportNetworkData LinkPhysicalPhysicalEthernet Switch /BridgeData LinkINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYLayer 3 DeviceNetworkApplicationPresentationSessionTransportNetworkData LinkPhysicalApplicationPresentationSessionTransportNetworkData LinkPhysicalPhysicalRouterData LinkINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYRouter Architecture OverviewTwo key router functions:• run routing algorithms/protocol (RIP, OSPF, BGP)• forwarding datagrams from incoming to outgoing linkINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYLayer 4 DeviceTransportNetworkApplicationPresentationSessionTransportNetworkData LinkPhysicalApplicationPresentationSessionTransportNetworkData LinkPhysicalPhysicalGatewayData LinkINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYThe network edge:• end systems (hosts):– run application programs– e.g. Web, email– at “edge of network”• client/server model– client host requests, receives service from always-on server– e.g. Web browser/server; email client/server• peer-peer model:– minimal (or no) use of dedicated servers– e.g. Gnutella, KaZaAINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYThe Network Core• mesh of interconnected routers• the fundamental question: how is data transferred through net?– circuit switching: dedicated circuit per call: telephone net– packet-switching: data sent thru net in discrete “chunks”INFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYElements of a wireless networknetwork infrastructureinfrastructure mode• base station connects mobiles into wired network• handoff: mobile changes base station providing connection into wired networkINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYElements of a wireless networkAd hoc mode• no base stations• nodes can only transmit to other nodes within link coverage• nodes organize themselves into a network: route among themselvesINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYWireless TechnologiesINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYReflection (R), Scattering (S), Diffraction (D).Multipath PropagationINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYInter Symbol Interference (ISI)INFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYOutline• Introduction• Network Basics• Quality of Service• Applications– VoIP– IPTV– TelematicsINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYBest-effort packet network• low bit-rate • variable throughput• variable loss• variable delayChallenges• compression • rate scalability• error resiliency• low latencyChallenges• compression • rate scalability• error resiliency• low latencyInternet Media StreamingStreaming clientDSL56K modemMedia ServerInternetwirelessINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORYDelay and JitterI P P P P P P P P P I P P P P PI P P P P P P P P P ILatencySenderReceiverINFORMATION