AAAD 150 1nd Edition Lecture 6Outline of Last Lecture I. Ethnic and Racial Identities Outline of Current Lecture II. Black Soldiers in American Revolution III. Petitioning for Emancipation and Civil Rights IV. Haitian RevolutionCurrent LectureI. Black Soldiers in American Revolution- Anthony Benezet o Organized the world’s first antislavery society in Pennsylvania - Declaration of Independence = Attracted many black Americans to the cause of American Independence - Crispus Attucks o First martyr to the American causeo Died in Boston Massacre o Black men seized time and petitioned in Massachusetts General Court for their emancipation- Both enslaved and free men fought in revolutionary battleso Lexington, Concord and Bunker Hill- Washington forbade new enlistment of black troops for battleso British policy and pressing need for manpower forced Washington to reverse his ban within a montho British commanders offered black men freedom in exchange for enlistment - New England: Blacks more likely to fight for American Independence - North: Enslaved/Unfree workers to advantage of war and ran away from their owners- South: Enslaved black people applied natural rights to own situation that was seen in Declaration of Independence and declared themselves free- War disrupted existing arrangements of everyday life and work - African Americans served both sides of Revolutionary WarII. Petitioning for Emancipation and Civil Rights These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- 1770’s: Black people sent petitions to Northern legislatures to demand emancipation o Brought Northern legislatures to face issues of slavery and emancipationo Black Americans embraced American ideology of democracy and equality - Massachusetts abolished slavery and this affected the territory of Maine - Freedom was issued from American Revolution in Northern states and Western territories - United States Constitution approached institution of slavery indirectly by avoiding words like “salve” or “slavery”- “Property Rights” = Code phrase for slave ownership - 1793 Fugitive Slave Act = Allowing owners and agents to pursue fugitives across state lines- 3/5th Clause = Allowed states to count the enslaved as “persons held to service” as three-fifths a person- Black suffrage became a revolutionary issue in two Northern states o New York and North Carolina allowed black male property owners to vote - Vermont: Only state that never allowed slavery- Black Americans = Excluded, segregated and attacked = Questioned future in US- Free African Union Society of Rhode Islando Decided to establish own country in Africa o Linked up with 75 black Bostonians led by Prince Hallo Prince Hall: Founder of first African- American lodge of Freemasons  Made petition to request aid in emigrating to Africa  Petition was not granted III. The Haitian Revolution- World’s first slave-led revolution occurred in Haiti- Created America’s second republic - French Declaration of Rights announced:o “men are born and remain free and equal in their rights”- Toussaint L’Ouverture o Devoted Catholico Led the Haitian Revolutiono Defeated French opponents, pro-slavery Spanish and British forces - Haitian Revolution was beacon of hope and Toussaint was a hero- White majority demography in US made it impossible for blacks to successfully emulate Haitian’s