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UW-Madison POLISCI 106 - The State and Democracy - Part 1

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POLI SCI 106 1nd Edition Lecture 1 Outline of Last Lecture I. SyllabusOutline of Current Lecture - The State and Democracy III. Comparative PoliticsIII. Key ConceptsIV. The StateV. Definition: The StateVI. Polity, Politics, and PolicyVII. "Requisite Functions" of the StateVIII. State -Society RelationsIX. Normative Views of the StateX. State TodayXI. The "Inevitable" State?Current LectureThe State and Democracy I:Comparative Politics - - Politics within countries (except U.S.)1) Institutions - how they work/influence policy2) Public policy - actions of government, interactions of government and peopleStudy...3) Elite behavior4) Mass behavior - regular people5) Attitudes and their effectsKey Concepts - - state, institutions, power, the market ideology, political parties, interest groups- very broad field- conceptual basis1) Scientific method - set of rules and methods to study reality logically andsystematically2) Comparison - learning by comparing 2 or more casesThe State -These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- state - territorially bound sovereign entity- sovereignty - complete authority, ultimate source of law- territorial integrity - right to resist any regression, invasion, or intervention- despite challenges: sovereignty and territorially defined states = primary units ininternational relationsDefinition: The State - - legal - a territorially bound sovereign entity - structural and functional - government has supreme power to make laws and legal rightto use force to enforce laws-coercion-Max WeberPolity, Politics, and Policy - - polity - political structures -arenas for political activity-governmental systems, political institutions, parties, interest groups,international organizations - politics - political processes-especially decision-making and implementation -electoral campaigns, executive politics, law-creation, referenda, governmentcoalition, negotiations- policy - political outcomes-outcomes of the politics that take place in the polity-laws, taxes, political programs"Requisite Functions" of the State (Gabriel Almond et al.) - - "Input Functions" --socialization-recruitment-communication - information flows through society-interest articulation - individuals and collectives want-interest aggregation - multitudes of different demands become manageable- "Output Functions" - -policy-making - rules/laws-policy implementation - put in place decisions-policy adjudication - interpretation of established rules- Other actors involved --civil society-interest groups-religious organizations-media-social groups-private businesses-international organizationsState-Society Relations -- relationships between state and citizens, social structure- normative question - what should this relationship look like?4 Normative Views of the State - - The Conservative State - -the monopoly on force to maintain social order and protect property rights-preserves traditional values-defend national relationships- The Liberal (Libertarian) State --Free Market = motivating and coordinating element-state = low-profile watchman-ensures basic rights, safety, and freedoms- The Social Democratic State - -constrains the powerful-secures collective good of the society-intervenes on behalf of poor, weak, and disadvantaged- The Marxist State - -traditional state seen as reactionary and repressive tool-to be overthrown, replaced by more benign Marxist state-objective: policies that serve goal of social, political, and economic equality-eventually Marxist state will "wither away"State today = natural organizing principle...1) Has not always been this way2) Not the only way to structure social and political relationsThe "Inevitable" State? - - until 17th century -no territorial states-localized power-use of force shared: monarch, nobles, Catholic church- economic activity necessitates centralization of power- large-scale political structures became necessary- Charles Tilly - "How War Made States" - -constant warfare requires large standing armies-armies require money-money requires efficient taxation-efficient taxation requires public administration -the modern state is


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