ARCH 350 1st Edition Lecture 4Outline of Last LectureI. Chicago HistoryII. Development of SkyscrapersA. Technological advancementsB. Period of ReconstructionC. AestheticsIII. Francois HenebiqueIV. William Le Baron Jenney A. Home Insurance Building B. Fair StoreV. Daniel Burnham and John RootA. Monadnock BuildingB. Reliance BuildingVI. Cyrus Eidlitz A. Washington Life BuildingVII. Dankmar Adler and Louis Sullivan A. Auditorium Building B. Guranty BuildingVIII. Louis SullivanA. Transportation BuildingB. Carson Pirie Scott Department StoreOutline of Current Lecture I. About Frank Lloyd WrightII. Early ReferencesIII. Olmsted: Plan of Riverside Garden SuburbIV. Wright’s structuresA. Wright House and StudioThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.B. Winslow HouseC. Prarie Houses D. Ward Willits House E. Dana HouseF. Robie HouseG. Larkin Company AdministrationH. Utility Temple I. Imperial Hotel.Current LectureFrank Lloyd Wright Part 1: Early WorksI. FLW 1867-1959: - “Breaking the Box”- “is the love of the thing he does”- influenced by new materials- grasped the positive importance of mechanizationII. Early References: - Froebel blocks: system of intersecting and overlapping planes- Japanese carpentry- Wonderful draftsman- Chicago: employed by Joseph - Lyman Silsbee before working for Sullivan- Practiced Sullivanesque ornamentLouis Sullivan: “Form follows function”Arts and Crafts ideals:- emphasis on the nature of materials- values of honesty of materials- simplicity in the design of everyday objects- direct response to the nature of materials - total design of furnishings and buildingWright’s Paper: “The Art and Crafts of the Machine”, 1901Idea: “The machine is here to stay“The architect must remain open to the tremors of a new mechanized age”Vision that inspired him: Transformation of industrial technique through artIII. Olmsted: Plan of Riverside Garden Suburb- Illinois City Plan, 1869- Garden cities and suburbs: alternative to the polluted industrial centersIV. Wright’s structuresA. Wright House and Studio, Oak Park, Illinois, 1889- “Architectural laboratory”: experimenting with design concepts that contain the seeds ofhis architectural philosophy- Storks Greet Clients (studio annex), design by Wright’s friend and collaborator, the American Sculptor Richard Bock- The capitals signifies the tree of life, the book of knowledge, an architectural scroll, and two storks full of wisdom and fertilityB. Winslow House, River Forest, near Chicago, 1893-4- “Wright’s Prairie style transitional work- symmetry on the façade- asymmetry on the rear- cruciform plan- begun breaking the box- Hipped roof overhangs the second floor - Building hugs the ground and emphasizes horizontality- dark terracotta - ornamental frontispiece echoed Sullivan’s Getty Tomb- central fireplace and dominated by horizontal linesC. Wright’s Prairie Houses- Houses in suburban areas- Fenestration in strips;(Fenestration is the arrangement of windows in a building)- Low-hipped roof- Emphasis on the fireplace, and horizontality - Irregular distortions to the rear of a formal façade that conveniently accommodate awkward ingredients- Cruciform plan (1900-10)- intersections of plans and floors overlapsD. Ward Willits House, Highland Park, Illinois, 1902• Horizontal line dominates: accentuated by the overhanging eaves of the roofline and the extension of the transverse axis of the house• Central chimney massE. Dana House, Springfield, Illinois, 1902-04- integration; incorporation of furnishing, making them all one with the building- Bock: Muse- cooper decoration on the exterior- dining room on the only apseF. Robie House, South Woodlawn, Chicago, 1908-10- First use of welded steel- art glass- elongated bricksG. Larkin Company Administration, Buffalo, NY, 1902-06 - approach to public building- innovative AC- emphasizes horizontally H. Unity Temple, Oak Park, Illinois, 1905-08- chose steel reinforced concrete- thought to be the first building of reinforced concrete poured on the site- to reduce cost of shipping materials- solid exterior- luminous interior- geometry fused attention on the pulpitI. Imperial Hotel, Tokyo, Japan, 1915-23- Survived the earthquake of 1923- Demolished in 1968 lobby and
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