ARCH 350 1st Edition Lecture 2Outline of Last Lecture I. ModernizationII. ModernityIII. ModernismIV. ZeitgestV. Parts of Modernisma. Industrialismb. Rationalismc. FunctionalismOutline of Current Lecture I. Joseph PaxtonA. Crystal Palacea. Architecture detailsb. ImportanceB. Gustave Eiffela. Ponte Dona Mariab. Eiffel TowerCurrent LectureRationalismI. Joseph Paxton- English horticulturalist, garden designed, and architect- Son of a farmer, no formal education- Designed greenhouses and hothouses, originally of wood and glass, but later using ironA. Crystal PalaceThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. Architecture details- Modular design using mass-produced materials (iron and glass), built in eight months- Built by contractors Sir Charles Fox and George Henderson- Joseph Paxton’s exhibition building finished in 1851- Enclosed over 760,000 square feet using 3,300 modular cast iron columns and 900,000 square feet of glazing- It was finished in 9 months thanks to the simplicity of the cast iron structural system.- Lightweight skeletal- Transparent construction- 4500 tons of iron- Power supplied by humans and horses- destroyed by a fire b. Importance- A new relationship established: technology and materials and expressive finality of the building-- The Great Exhibition in London was the first international exposition intended to showcase nations and technological developments and artistic accomplishmentsII. Gustave Eiffel- French engineer, trained at the École Central des Arts et Manufactures- Early commission (age 26) included construction of an iron railway bridge. Creates a company to build bridges and viaductsA. Ponte Dona Maria - railway bridge over the Douro River in Oporto, Portugal, completed 1877- Made of wrought iron- Largest non-suspension bridge in the world at that time- Novel approach included leaving structural elements exposedB. Eiffel Tower- iron tower to symbolize technological progress and industrial development- components prefabricated then assembled on site with four pivoting cranes- despite an initial dislike of the tower, Parisians now see it as a symbol of their
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