BNAD 302 1nd EditionExam # 1 Study Guide Lectures: 1 - 5Outline1. Notes for each chapter2. Learnsmart practice questions3. Review given in class The Exceptional Manager; Chapter 1-Managers operate within an organization-Organization: a group of people who work together to achieve some specific purpose-Management is defined as:1. The pursuit of organizational goals to efficiently and effectively by2. Integrating the work of people through3. Planning, organizing, leading, and controlling the organization’s resources-GAANT chart to help controlling/monitoring (use date and time)-To be efficient: to use resources and people, money, raw materials, and the like-wisely and cost effectively -To be effective: to achieve results, to make the right decisions and to successfully carry them out so that they achieve organizational goals -Rewards of studying management:-Understanding how to deal with organizations from the outside-Understanding how to relate to your supervisors-Understanding how to interact with co-workers-Understanding how to manage yourself in the workplace-You and your employees can experience a sense of accomplishment-You can stretch your abilities and magnify your range-You can build a catalog of successful products or services-7 challenges to being an exceptional manager:1. Managing for competitive advantage- staying ahead of rivals2. Managing for diversity- the future won’t resemble the past3. Managing for globalization- the expanding management universe 4. Managing for information technology5. Managing for ethical standards6. Managing for sustainability- the business of green7. Managing for your own happiness and life goals -Competitive advantage: the ability of an organization to produce goods or services more effectively thancompetitors do, thereby outperforming them -Managing for competitive advantage: being responsive to customers, innovation (think outside the box),quality, and efficiency -Managing for Information technology:-By 2015, consumers are projected to spend $1.4 trillion online, a rise of 13.5% annually-Information technology has facilitated e-business, using the internet to facilitate every aspect ofrunning a business-Managers Four Principal Functions:-Planning: set goals and decide how to achieve them-Organizing: arrange tasks, people, and other resources to accomplish the work-Leading: motivate, direct, and otherwise influence people to work hard to achieve the organization’s goals-Controlling: you monitor performance, compare it with goals, and take corrective action as needed-Levels and areas of management:- Top managers: make long-term decisions- Middle managers (decreasing because of span of control- cost saving)- First-line manager: short-term operating - Nonmanagerial personnel-Functional managers: responsible for just one organizational activity-General manager: responsible for several organizational activities-Roles managers must play in order to be successful according to Mintzberg: 1. A manager relies more on verbal than on written communication2. A manager works long hours at an intense pace3. A manager’s work is characterized by fragmentation, brevity, and variety - Interpersonal roles: managers interact with people inside and outside their work units (figurehead, leader, liaison)- Informational roles: managers receive and communicate information (monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson)- Decisional roles: managers use information to make decisions to solve problems to take advantage of opportunities (entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and negotiator) -Entrepreneurship: process of taking risks to try to create a new empire-Intrapreneur: works within organization Management Theory, Chapter 2-Evidence based management: translating principles based on best evidence into organizational practice,bringing rationality to the decision making process-Two overarching perspectives about management:-Historical perspective: classical, behavioral, and quantitative-Contemporary perspective: systems, contingency, and quality-management -Historical:-Classical viewpoint: scientific management and administrative management -Scientific management: emphasized the scientific study of work methods to improve the productivity of individual workers-Principles of scientific management:1. Scientifically study each part of the task2. Carefully select workers with the right abilities3. Give workers the training and incentives to do the task4. Use scientific principles to plan the work methods -Administrative management: concerned with managing total organization-Henri Faygol was first to identify four functions of management (French engineer and industrialist) -Max Weber believed that a bureaucracy was rational, efficient, ideal organization based on the principles of logic -5 positive bureaucratic features:1. A well-defined hierarchy of authority2. Formal rules and procedures3. A clear division of labor4. Impersonality5. Careers based on merit-Why is classical viewpoint important? Work activity was amenable to a rational approach. Through the application of scientific methods, time and motion studies, and job specialization it was possible to boost productivity. -Behavioral viewpoint : early behaviorists, human relations measurement, and behavioral science approach- The behavioral viewpoint developed over three phases:1. Early behaviorism2. The human relations movement3. Behavioral science1. Early behaviorism: pioneered by Munsterberg (father of industrial psych)a. Study jobs and determines which people are best suited to specific workb. Identify the psychological conditions under which employees do their best workc. Devise management strategies to influence employees to follow management’s interests - Mary Parker Follett (social worker)1. Organizations should be operated as “communities”2. Conflicts should be resolved by having managers and workers talk over differences and fond solutions that would satisfy both parties3. The work process should be under control of workers with relevant knowledge, educate people/ show them a big picture- Hawthorne effect: employees worked harder if they received added attention, thought that managers cared about their welfare and that supervisors paid special attention to them (Elton Mayo)2. Human Relations Movement: Maslow and McGregor-Proposed that better human relations could increase worker productivity-McGregor Theory X vs. Y:-Theory X: represents a pessimistic, negative view of workers
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