CHEM 102 1st EditionExam # 1 Study Guide Lectures: 1 -7Lecture 1 (August 26)1.The study of matter and the changes it undergoes is defined as __________.2.Matter is _________________________.3.What are the three particles that make up an atom? What are their charges? Where are they located?4.Which particle weighs the most? The least? Which is in the middle weight wise?5.An electrically neutral atom with 60 protons would have how many neutrons?6.Give the definition of the Nucleus of an atom.7.Neutral atoms have the same number of what? 8.Give the definition of an isotope.9. Which is more abundant, Ga-70 or Ga-68?10. The gaining or losing of electrons in chemical reactions create ___________.11. Which type of ion has a positive charge and forms when an atom loses one or more electrons?12. Which type of ion has a negative charge and forms when an atom gains on or more electrons?13. The number of protons in the nucleus is described as the __________________. And determines the symbol used for an ______.14. Give the symbol for an atom containing 34 protons, 37 neutrons, and 36 electrons.15. The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is called __________.16. The sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus is called ____________.Lecture 2 (August 28) 1.Elements that have the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons are called _____________.2.Particles found in the nucleus (protons and neutrons) are called ___________.3.When writing the symbol of an isotope, _______ goes on top and __________ goes on thebottom. 4.Name the isotope 2914Si with a charge of negative 4.5.What is the purpose of the Periodic Table?6.What are groups? Periods?7.A material that has luster and is a good electrical conductor, and is located on the center and left side of the periodic table is ____________________.8.A material that is typically a nonconductor and is located in the top right part of the periodic table is ________________.9.An element that has properties of both metal and nonmetal elements is __________.10. Name the Alkali Metals.11. Name the Alkaline Earth Metals.12. What are Halogens?13. Name the Noble Gasses?14. Forces that hold the atoms together in the substances _____________.15. What is the difference between Ionic and Covalent bonding?16. Give the definition of valence electrons.17. How many electrons does each atom want? What two atoms are the exceptions?18. What do groups IA-IIIA do regarding valence electrons?19. What does group IV do regarding valence electrons?20. What do groups VA-VIIIA do regarding valence electrons?21. Results from the electrostatic attraction between cations and anions ___________.22. Atoms share electrons by overlapping orbitals ____________.Lecture 3 (September 2)1.Describe Orbital Overlap.2.What is bond length?3.The sum of the atomic masses of all atoms present in the molecule expressed in atomic mass units (amu) is ___________________.4.What is a mole?5.What is Avogadro’s Number?6.The mass in grams of one mole of that substance is ________________.7.What is a Lewis Structure?8.Write the Lewis Structure or CH4?Lecture 4 (September 4)1.What does VSEPR stand for?2.What are the three shapes for Electron Pair Geometry? How do you determine them?3.What are the five shapes for Molecular Geometry? How do you determine them?4.The number of areas with electrons around the central atom is ____________.5.The angle between each electron is called ____________.6.What is a steric number?7.Electrostatic forces are called ________________.8.What are the three types of intermolecular attractions?9.All molecules have ___________________.10. Explain dipole-dipole attraction.11. Only molecules that are ________ have dipole-dipole attraction.12. How do you tell if a molecule is polar or not?13. What are London Dispersion forces?14. What are the three requirements for Hydrogen Bonding?15. Explain Hydrogen bonding.Lecture 5 (September 9)1.Shorthand notation to describe a chemical reaction is _________________.2.What are reactants?3.What are products?4.Numbers before the formula of a substance in an equation is a _________.5.How do you know if an equation is balanced?6.What does a balanced chemical equation show?7.Balance the following equationH2 + Cl2  HCl8. You can only add ________ to balance equations, you are never allowed to change the ____________.9. Balance the following equationC5H12 + O2  CO2 + H2O10. What are polyatomic ions?11. Ammonium Ions are ________, which have a __________ charge.12. What are the four polyatomic anions we need to know, with their symbols and names?13. Describe what reactants occur in a Neutralization Reactions, and what its products are.14. Compound that dissolves in water to produce hydrogen ions is _______________.15. Dissolves in water to create hydroxide ions _______________.16. Ionic compound consisting of the cation of a base and the anion of the acid _____________.17. List the string acids and their charges/ names.18. List the strong bases and their charges/ names.19. A positive or negative number that can be found for each element in a substance ________________.20. Reaction where the oxidation number change ______________.21. In a balanced equation, the sum of the oxidation number should equal _______.22. Give the definition of a Precipitation reaction.23. What do aq, L, and S stand for?24. In the following equation, which atom was reduced and which was oxidized?CH4 + 2O2 CO2+ 2H2OLecture 6 (September 11)1.What is the definition of Kinetics?2. The change of concentration per unit time is called ____________.3.What is the equation for finding the rate of something? 4.The number of molecular collisions per second is called _____________.5.The reaction rate is proportional to the _______________.6.What are the three things that must happen for a reaction to occur?7.The collision frequency depends on the ________ and the ___________ of the colliding molecules.8.What is activation energy?9.What is the activated complex?10. Substance that increases the reaction rate but is not consumed in the reaction is called _______________.Lecture 7 (September 16)1. Large molecules which catalyze specific biochemical are called __________.2.What are the three characteristics of Enzyme catalysis?3.Give the Definition of Chemical Equilibrium. Explain how it works.4.What is the Principle of Le Chatelier? 5.Strong acids and bases ___________.6.When weak acids and bases react what happens?7.List the properties of