9 Triglycerides are formed by the _____ of three fatty acids to a glycerol molecule. a. hydrolysis b. esterification c. glycolysis d. oxidation 10 Cholesterol is a precursor of: a. Vitamin D 11 Sterols are absorbed after fatty acids are hydrolyzed. True False 13 Ca+ is not involved in the blood clotting process: True False 15 Which of the following can serve as a side group after the phosphate group on carbon # 3 in phospholipids? a. alanine b. choline c. lecithin d. choline and lecithin 17 The following is the precursor molecule converted by sunlight into vitamin D: a. pro-vitamin D3 b. 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 c. 7-dehydrocholesterol d. 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 20 Delta tocopherol has _______ of the antioxidant activity of alpha tocopherol: c. 1% d. 15% 21 Alpha tocopherol has the most antioxidant activity of any form of vitamin E: True False 32 Exposing the skin to direct sunlight for ________ minutes, ________ times a week can provide for the minimal, essential synthesis of vitamin D within the bodies of light skinned peoples: a. 50-60 minutes, 2 times a week b. 1-2 minutes, once a week c. 10-15 minutes, 3-4 times a week d. 3 hours, 5 times a week33 Which form(s) of vitamin A directly or indirectly support(s) growth? c. retinoic acid d. retinal and retinol and retinoic acid 36 Lipase is an enzyme secreted by the: a. stomach b. liver c. gallbladder d. pancreas 47 Beta tocopherol has _______ of the antioxidant activity of alpha tocopherol: a. 10% b. 20% c. 30% d. 40% 48 Vitamin D does not bind to receptors in the nucleus: True False 49 Vitamin E is especially important in stabilizing ________ within the cell: a. polyunsaturated fatty acids within cellular membranes b. cholesterol c. DNA d. all of the answers are correct 51 During keratomalacia, the central cornea can undergo colliquative necrosis? True False 52 A common term(s) used to describe vitamins in biochemistry would be: a. cofactor b. inhibitor c. coenzyme d. cofactor and coenzyme 54 Vitamin A is distributed throughout the body by RBP, which is produced by the: a. stomach b. liver 63 Lipase requires the protein, colipase, to stabilize lipase on the micelle surface. True False 64 What are the two factors necessary for the in vivo synthesis of vitamin D in most mammals?a. sunlight and rain b. sunlight and lysine c. sunlight and cholesterol d. palmitate and retinol 65 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 is converted to 1,25-hydroxy vitamin D3 in the _______: a. heart b. kidney c. pancreas d. liver 71 What is/are the major component(s) of the lipid inner core of a micelle? a. fatty acids b. monoglycerides c. cholesterol d. all of the answers are correct 79 Which is considered the active form of vitamin D in the body? d. 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol 82 Complex lipids are re-synthesized within the enterocyte after digestion in the intestinal lumen and absorption into the enterocyte: True False 83 Which of the following is a naturally occurring vitamin K antagonist found in moldy sweet clover and can cause excessive bleeding in ruminants consuming that hay? a. Warfarin b. slaframine c. discoumarol d. swainsonine 93 Which of the following, when taken as a dietary supplement is/are always considered neutraceutical (s)? a. isolated soy isoflavones b. vitamin A c. CoQ10 d. isolated soy isoflavones and CoQ10 95 In poultry an obvious symptom of vitamin A deficiency is: a. hyperkeratinization and infectionb. increased incidence of infections c. ataxia d. all of the answers are correct 100 One of the external symptoms of a vitamin K deficiency in poultry is: a. soft claws b. breast edema c. pale waddle or