Organizational Behavior, 14e (Robbins/Judge)Chapter 9 Foundations of Group Behavior1) Which one of the following characteristics is not necessarily true about groups? A) Group members are interdependent. B) Groups have two or more members. C) Groups have assigned goals. D) Groups interact. E) Groups have particular objectives. Answer: CExplanation: Informal groups, such as friendship groups, are neither formally structured nor organizationally determined. They don't establish goals or purposes in general.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 276Topic: Defining and Classifying GroupsSkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: GroupsQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 12) What sort of groups is defined by the organization's structure? A) informal B) task C) friendship D) interest E) formal Answer: EExplanation: Formal groups are defined by the organization's structure, with designated work assignments establishing tasks. In formal groups, the behaviors team members should engage in are stipulated by and directed toward organizational goals.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 276Topic: Defining and Classifying GroupsSkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Formal GroupsQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 11Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.3) Julia, Bree, and David work in different departments but often eat lunch together. They are an example of what type of group? A) formal B) informal C) command D) task E) reactant Answer: BExplanation: Informal groups, such as friendship groups, are neither formally structured nor organizationally determined. Three employees from different departments who regularly have lunch or coffee together are an informal group.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 276Topic: Defining and Classifying GroupsSkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Informal GroupsQuest. Category: ApplicationLO: 14) Which of the following statements is true? A) All task groups are also command groups. B) All command groups are also task groups. C) All task groups are also friendship groups. D) All command groups are also informal groups. E) All informal groups are also command groups. Answer: BExplanation: All command groups are also task groups. But because task groups can cut across the organization, they are not always command groups.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 276-277Topic: Defining and Classifying GroupsSkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Command GroupsQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 12Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.5) Employees who band together to seek improved working conditions form a(n) ________ group. A) union B) support C) interest D) work E) emancipated Answer: CExplanation: People may affiliate to attain a specific objective with which each individual is concerned. This creates an interest group. Employees who band together to seek improved working conditions have formed a united body to further their common interest.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 277Topic: Defining and Classifying GroupsSkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Interest GroupsQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 16) Which of the following statements most accurately describes interest groups? A) They are longer lasting than friendship groups. B) They develop because individual members have one or more common characteristics. C) They are formed because of some common objective. D) They are governed by labor laws. E) They are likely to involve great social conflict. Answer: CExplanation: People may affiliate to attain a specific objective with which each individual is concerned. This creates an interest group. Employees who band together to seek improved working conditions have formed a united body to further their common interest.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 277Topic: Defining and Classifying GroupsSkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Interest GroupsQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 13Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.7) Which of the following is not an important characteristic of social identity?A) similarity B) status C) equity D) distinctiveness E) uncertainty reductionAnswer: CExplanation: Several characteristics make a social identity important to a person. The main characteristics are similarity, distinctiveness, status, and uncertainty reduction. Equity is not usually an element of social identity and, in fact, social identity can lead to inequity through stereotyping. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 278Topic: Defining and Classifying GroupsSkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Reasons to Join GroupsQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 18) Farid is a third generation Indian American. He has never been to India, but was very saddened by the recent news of hundreds dead in a terrorist attack in India. This is an example of________.A) ingroup favoritismB) an informal group C) uncertainty reductionD) a task groupE) social identity theoryAnswer: EExplanation: Social identity theory proposes that people have emotional reactions to the failure or success of their group because their self-esteem gets tied into the performance of the group. Farid feels associated with India and all Indians. The violence and terrorism in that country saddens him as a reflection of the failure to maintain control and stability in the country, and for the deaths of people in his identity group.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 278Topic: Defining and Classifying GroupsSkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Command GroupsQuest. Category: ApplicationLO: 14Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.9) Paula is looking for a new HR person for her company. She is reviewing resumes to determinewhich candidates to call for an interview. She sees one candidate that attended her same university. Paula puts that resume in the "to call" pile. This is an example of ________. A) uncertainty reductionB) ingroup favoritism C) an interest groupD) a friendship group E) an informal groupAnswer: BExplanation: Ingroup favoritism refers to the perspective in which a person sees members of his ingroup as better than other people, and people not in the group as all the same. Paula sees the person from her university as part of her ingroup, although there may be other, more qualified candidates to call.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 278Topic: Defining and Classifying GroupsSkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Task GroupsQuest. Category: ApplicationLO: 110) What are the five stages of group development? A) generation, implementation, construction, production, termination B) introduction, development, production, deterioration, adjournment C) initiation,