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UA MGMT 310A - robbins_ob14_tif07

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Organizational Behavior, 14e (Robbins/Judge)Chapter 7 Basic Motivation Concepts1) Jim is a student who cannot work at writing a paper for more than 30 minutes, yet he can spend many hours writing comments on blogs. What accounts for the change in motivation in this case? A) his ability B) the situation C) his personality D) the congruence E) the structure of the task Answer: BExplanation: But the same student who finds it difficult to read a textbook for more than 20 minutes may devour a Harry Potter book in a day. For this student, the difference in motivation is the situation.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 204Topic: Defining MotivationSkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: MotivationQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 12) Motivation is best defined as a process that ________. A) results in a level of effort B) intensifies an individual's efforts C) accounts for an individual's efforts toward attaining a goal D) meets an individual's needs E) stabilizes over time Answer: CExplanation: Motivation is defined as the processes that account for an individual's intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 204Topic: Defining MotivationSkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: MotivationQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 11Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.3) What are the three key elements of motivation? A) reactance, congruence, and circumstance B) interest, activity, and reward C) awareness, effort, and outcome D) stimulation, progress, and achievement E) intensity, direction, and persistence Answer: EExplanation: The three key elements of motivation are intensity, direction, and persistence. Intensity describes how hard a person tries. Effort directed toward, and consistent with, the organization's goals is the direction of the motivation. The persistence element measures how long a person can maintain effort.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 204Topic: Defining MotivationSkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Elements of MotivationQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 14) Which level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs deals with satisfying one's hunger, thirst, and need for sex? A) safety B) physiological C) social D) esteem E) psychological Answer: BExplanation: Maslow hypothesized that within every human being there exists a hierarchy of fiveneeds. The lowest, most basic needs are physiological. They include hunger, thirst, shelter, sex, and other bodily needs.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 205Topic: Early Theories of MotivationSkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Physiological NeedsQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 22Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.5) According to Maslow, when does a need stop motivating? A) when it is substantially satisfied B) it never stops motivating C) when one returns to a lower level need D) when one chooses to move to a higher level need E) only when it is completely satisfied Answer: AExplanation: According to Maslow, although no need is ever fully gratified, a substantially satisfied need no longer motivates. Thus, as each of these needs becomes substantially satisfied the next one becomes dominant.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 205Topic: Early Theories of MotivationSkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Hierarchy of NeedsQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 26) What is the major problem with Maslow's hierarchy of needs in organizational behavior? A) It is difficult to apply to the workplace. B) It is vague as to how a workplace can satisfy higher-order needs. C) Its terminology tends to alienate those to whom it is applied. D) It is almost impossible to assess how well an individual has a particular need filled. E) There is little evidence that needs are structured or operate in the way it describes. Answer: EExplanation: Research does not validate Maslow's theory. Maslow provided no empiricalsubstantiation, and several studies that sought to validate the theory found no support for it. There is little evidence that need structures are organized along the dimensions proposed by Maslow, that unsatisfied needs motivate, or that a satisfied need activates movement to a new need level.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 206Topic: Early Theories of MotivationSkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Hierarchy of NeedsQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 23Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.7) How would a Theory X manager view employees? A) seeking responsibility B) needing to be coerced to achieve goals C) viewing work as a normal daily activity D) exercising self control E) not motivated by rewards Answer: BExplanation: Maslow believed that under Theory X, managers believe employees inherently dislike work and must therefore be directed or even coerced into performing it.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 207Topic: Early Theories of MotivationSkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Theory XQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 28) A Theory Y manager would assume that employees would ________. A) dislike work B) need to be controlled C) avoid responsibility D) exercise self direction E) attempt to avoid work Answer: DExplanation: According to Maslow's theory, under Theory Y managers assume employees can view work as being as natural as rest or play, and therefore the average person can learn to accept, and even seek, responsibility.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 207Topic: Early Theories of MotivationSkill: AACSB: Reflective ThinkingObjective: Theory YQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 24Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.9) Which of the following is a behavior that would most likely be exhibited by a Theory X manager? A) She lets her employees choose their own goals. B) She trusts her employees to use discretion in most matters. C) She strictly controls the details of any project she is managing. D) She delegates authority extensively to junior managers. E) She honestly informs her employees of the likelihood that they will lose their jobs. Answer: CExplanation: Maslow believed that under Theory X, managers believe employees inherently dislike work and must therefore be directed or even coerced into performing it. A manager wouldnot trust her employees and would feel inclined to control all aspects of their work. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 207Topic: Early Theories of MotivationSkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Theory XQuest. Category: ApplicationLO: 210) Two-factor theory suggests that dissatisfaction is caused by extrinsic factors. Which of the following is an example of such a factor? A)


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