Organizational Behavior, 14e (Robbins/Judge)Chapter 6 Perception and Individual Decision Making1) What is the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment? A) interpretation B) environmental analysis C) social verification D) outlook E) perception Answer: EExplanation: Perception is defined as a process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment. People's behavior is based ontheir perception of what reality is, not on reality itself. What we perceive can be substantially different from objective reality. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 168-169Topic: What Is Perception?Skill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: PerceptionQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 12) What are the three classes of factors that influence perception? A) factors in the setting, factors in the environment, and factors in the motives B) factors in the perceiver, factors in the target, and factors in the situation C) factors in the character, factors in knowledge, and factors in experience D) factors in the personality, factors in the character, and factors in the values E) factors in the senses, factors in the surroundings, and factors in the lighting Answer: BExplanation: Three factors operate to shape and sometimes distort perception. These factors can reside in the perceiver; in the object, or target, being perceived; or in the context of the situation in which the perception is made.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 168Topic: What Is Perception?Skill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Factors Influencing PerceptionQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 11Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.3) Two people see the same thing at the same time yet interpret it differently. Where do the factors that operate to shape their dissimilar perceptions reside? A) the perceivers B) the target C) the timing D) the context E) the situation Answer: AExplanation: Because the target and the situation are the same, the difference in perception must be in the perceivers themselves. Characteristics that can affect perception include perceiver attitudes, personality, motives, interests, past experiences, and expectations.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 168Topic: What Is Perception?Skill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Factors Influencing PerceptionQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 14) Which of the following is not a factor in the individual perceiver? A) attitude B) motive C) expectation D) location E) perception Answer: DExplanation: Characteristics that can affect perception include perceiver attitudes, personality, motives, interests, past experiences, and expectations. Location is a factor in the situation, or as background for the factor of the target. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 168-169Topic: What Is Perception?Skill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Factors Influencing PerceptionQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 12Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.5) David has the opinion that people who drive SUVs are dangerous drivers. He often perceives that people driving SUVs are doing so in a dangerous manner, even when other observers can seenothing wrong with the behavior of the SUV drivers. What factor in David is affecting his perception in this case? A) his interests B) his work setting C) his expectations D) his motives E) his background Answer: CExplanation: David expects all SUV drivers to be dangerous. His expectations are what color his perception. The example doesn't explain why he expects this, although it could be from a previous bad experience.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 168-169Topic: What Is Perception?Skill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Factors Influencing PerceptionQuest. Category: ApplicationLO: 16) Which of the following is not true about our perceptions of a target? A) Objects that are close together will be perceived together rather than separately. B) Persons that are similar to each other tend to be grouped together. C) Targets are usually looked at in isolation. D) Motion, sounds, size, and other attributes of a target shape the way we see it. E) Objects that are distant from one another will be perceived separately rather than as a group. Answer: CExplanation: Characteristics of the target we observe can affect what we perceive. Targets are notperceived in isolation/ The relationship of a target to its background influences perception, as does our tendency to group close things and similar things together.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 168Topic: What Is Perception?Skill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Factors Influencing PerceptionQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 13Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.7) The time at which an object or event is seen is an example of what type of factor influencing the perceptual process? A) perceiver B) target C) social D) reality E) context Answer: EExplanation: Context is important to perception. Context includes the time at which a perceiver sees an object or event, as well as location, light, heat, or any number of situational factors.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 168-169Topic: What Is Perception?Skill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Factors Influencing PerceptionQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 18) Last year Elaine had her purse snatched on the street bytwo teens who wore their jeans very low. All she can remember is seeing, as the teens ran away, was their plaid boxer shorts sticking out above their pants. Whenever Elaine sees boys with low-riding jeans her face tightens and she mumbles something about "delinquents". She is extremely bothered that her own grandson, an honor student, has begun to wear his jeans low. Elaine's perception of her grandson is influenced by ________. A) motivesB) interestsC) settingD) reality E) experience Answer: EExplanation: Elaine's negative experience has influenced her perception, even when she knows that the reality is different. Elaine's grandson is far from a delinquent, and yet she groups him with the purse snatchers because of her memories of the negative experience. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 168-169Topic: What Is Perception?Skill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Factors Influencing PerceptionQuest. Category: ApplicationLO: 14Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.9) What is the most relevant application of perception concepts to OB? A) the perceptions people form about each other B) the perceptions people form about their employer C) the perceptions people form about