Organizational Behavior, 14e (Robbins/Judge)Chapter 5 Personality and Values1) Which of the following is the best definition of personality? A) Personality is an aggregate set of traits that are mostly determined at birth. B) Personality is an aggregate set of traits that are determined over a person's lifetime. C) Personality is all the ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.D) Personality is, for the most part, comprised of traits that cannot be measured or defined. E) Personality is the static organization of how a person reacts to different environments. Answer: CExplanation: A) Personality is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others, usually described in terms of the measurable traits a person exhibits.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 134-135Topic: PersonalitySkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: PersonalityQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 12) Which of the following statements about the determinants of personality is true? A) Personality appears to have no determinants. B) Personality appears to be a result of external factors. C) Personality appears to be a result of only environmental factors. D) Personality appears to be a result of only hereditary factors. E) Personality appears to be a result of both hereditary and environmental factors. Answer: EExplanation: A) Personality appears to be a result of both hereditary and environmental factors. However, research in personality development has tended to better support the importance of heredity over the environment.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 134-135Topic: PersonalitySkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Personality DeterminantsQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 11Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.3) The most common form of measuring personality is through self-report surveys. However, theapplicant could easily ________ . A) change his personality instantlyB) not truly know his personalityC) refuse to take the surveyD) fail the survey, but be the best candidateE) practice impression managementAnswer: EExplanation: A) One weakness of self-evaluation measures is that the respondent might lie or practice impression management, that is, the person could "fake good" on the test to create a good impression.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 135Topic: PersonalitySkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Personality DeterminantsQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 14) If personality characteristics were completely dictated by ________, they would be fixed at birth and no amount of experience could alter them. A) job satisfaction B) heredity C) environment D) situations E) religion Answer: BExplanation: A) Heredity refers to factors determined at conception. Physical stature, facial attractiveness, gender, temperament, muscle composition and reflexes, energy level, and biological rhythms are generally considered to be either completely or substantially influenced by who your parents are. If the hereditary factor were complete, there would be nothing a person could do to change his personality. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 135-136Topic: PersonalitySkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: PersonalityQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 12Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.5) Divina and Shawna are identical twins that were adopted at birth by very different families. Divina grew up in Houston, Texas, and attended a large urban high school. Shawna grew up in a small rural town and attended a high school with fewer than one hundred students. Which of the following statements is most likely to be true about the two girls? A) Divina is shy because she was just a number in a crowd. Shawna is outgoing because her school was small.B) Divina is outgoing because she had to fight to get people to recognize her in a large school. Shawna is shy because she didn't want to stand out. C) Both Divina and Shawna were highly influenced by their different environments and have very different personalities. D) Both Divina and Shawna are shy because they share many common personality traits based on their genetic heredity. E) Both Divina and Shawna are shy because the environments in which they were raised demanded that they be shy to be successful. Answer: DExplanation: A) Studies of thousands of twins separated at birth indicate that the hereditary determinants for personality play a stronger role than the environmental determinants. In almost every case, regardless of environment, the twins would share personality traits, such as shyness. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 135-136Topic: PersonalitySkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: PersonalityQuest. Category: ApplicationLO: 16) All of the following are classifications on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator except ________. A) extroverted/introverted B) sensing/intuitive C) perceiving/judging D) independent/dependent E) thinking/feeling Answer: DExplanation: A) In the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, individuals are classified as extroverted or introverted (E or I), sensing or intuitive (S or N), thinking or feeling (T or F), and judging or perceiving ( J or P). Therefore independent/dependent is not a MBTI classification.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 137Topic: PersonalitySkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Myers-Briggs Type Indicator ClassificationsQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 23Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.7) What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of "E or I" stand for? A) extroverted/intuitive B) emotional/introverted C) extroverted/introverted D) emotional/intuitive E) sane/reflective Answer: CExplanation: A) In the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, individuals are classified as extroverted or introverted (E or I), sensing or intuitive (S or N), thinking or feeling (T or F), and judging or perceiving ( J or P). Therefore independent/dependent is not a MBTI classification.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 137Topic: PersonalitySkill: AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: Myers-Briggs Type Indicator ClassificationsQuest. Category: Concept/DefinitionalLO: 28) What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of "S or N" stand for? A) sensing/intuitive B) sensing/thinking C) emotional stability/intuitive D) emotional stability/thinking E) sane/reflective Answer: AExplanation: A) In the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, individuals are classified as extroverted or introverted (E or I), sensing or intuitive (S or N), thinking or feeling (T or F), and judging or perceiving ( J or P). Therefore independent/dependent