DOC PREVIEW
UIC BIOS 101 - Peas and Probability

This preview shows page 1-2-24-25 out of 25 pages.

Save
View full document
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 25 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 25 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 25 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 25 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 25 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience

Unformatted text preview:

Peas and ProbabilityReading AssignmentPea natural historyAlternative states among the varieties of pea studied by Mendel.Pea In the pea, a cross requires human manipulation.Pea VarietiesTwo ways of crossing A & B Offspring Phenotypes of cross between varieties A & BAll F1 individuals look like variety A.F1 allowed to self – Offspring of selfed F1 is called F2Green & Wrinkled were not destroyed in F1Mendel allowed the F2 to self to form an F3 generation.Mendel’s HypothesisMendel’s Idea in Color 1Mendel’s Idea in Color 2From colors to letters Rules for naming genesConventional SymbolsExpectations of offspringExpectations for each offspringExpectations for Multiple OffspringProbabilitiesOutcome ProportionsProblemVocabularyLecture 1 exam 2Lecture 1 exam 2UIC UIC BioSBioS 101 Nyberg101 Nyberg11Peas and ProbabilityPeas and ProbabilityThe proportion of the types of The proportion of the types of gametes and their union can be gametes and their union can be described by probability rulesdescribed by probability rulesLecture 1 exam 2Lecture 1 exam 2UIC UIC BioSBioS 101 Nyberg101 Nyberg22Reading AssignmentReading AssignmentThe reading for todayThe reading for today’’s lecture is chapter s lecture is chapter 13 up to 13.3 plus 13 up to 13.3 plus ‘‘Solving Genetics Solving Genetics ProblemsProblems’’p.254.p.254.Pea natural historyPea natural historyFrom wild species varieties were From wild species varieties were developed by selection.developed by selection.Varieties of peas are called Varieties of peas are called ““true-breeding””if all the offspring have the if all the offspring have the same traits as their parent, i.e., characters same traits as their parent, i.e., characters of the variety.of the variety.Lecture 1 exam 2Lecture 1 exam 2UIC UIC BioSBioS 101 Nyberg101 Nyberg33Alternative Alternative states among states among the varieties of the varieties of pea studied by pea studied by Mendel.Mendel.Lecture 1 exam 2Lecture 1 exam 2UIC UIC BioSBioS 101 Nyberg101 Nyberg44Lecture 1 exam 2Lecture 1 exam 2UIC UIC BioSBioS 101 Nyberg101 Nyberg55Pea Pea Peas normally selfPeas normally self--fertilize. The pollen fertilize. The pollen matures and fertilizes the stigma of the matures and fertilizes the stigma of the same flower.same flower.Mendel started his experiments by changing Mendel started his experiments by changing this normal pattern. He used pollen from this normal pattern. He used pollen from one variety to fertilize a different variety.one variety to fertilize a different variety.In the pea, a cross requires In the pea, a cross requires human manipulation.human manipulation.Lecture 1 exam 2Lecture 1 exam 2UIC UIC BioSBioS 101 Nyberg101 Nyberg66Lecture 1 exam 2Lecture 1 exam 2UIC UIC BioSBioS 101 Nyberg101 Nyberg77Pea VarietiesPea VarietiesVariety AVariety AAxial flowersAxial flowersYellow seedsYellow seedsRound seedsRound seedsInflated podsInflated pods……..Variety BVariety BAxial flowersAxial flowersGreen seedsGreen seedsWrinkled seedsWrinkled seedsInflated podsInflated pods……..There are many varieties we consider only two today.Lecture 1 exam 2Lecture 1 exam 2UIC UIC BioSBioS 101 Nyberg101 Nyberg88Two ways of crossing A & BTwo ways of crossing A & BThe cross between 2 varieties can be done two The cross between 2 varieties can be done two ways, ways, ♂♂A with A with ♀♀B or B or ♂♂B with B with ♀♀A. The two A. The two crosses are called a pair of crosses are called a pair of ‘‘reciprocalreciprocalcrossescrosses’’..Lecture 1 exam 2Lecture 1 exam 2UIC UIC BioSBioS 101 Nyberg101 Nyberg99Offspring PhenotypesOffspring Phenotypes of cross between varieties A & Bof cross between varieties A & B454 offspring 454 offspring (individual peas and plant that grew from the pea.)(individual peas and plant that grew from the pea.)All axial flowersAll axial flowersAll round seedsAll round seedsAll yellow seedsAll yellow seedsAll inflated podsAll inflated podsThe progeny from a cross between 2 The progeny from a cross between 2 truetrue--breeding lines is known as the breeding lines is known as the F1F1..Lecture 1 exam 2Lecture 1 exam 2UIC UIC BioSBioS 101 Nyberg101 Nyberg1010This fact is not surprising for axial flowers or inflated pods as the parents did not differ in those traits.Are traits associated with variety B (wrinkled seed shape & green seed color) gone forever or are they present, but masked, in the F1 individuals?AllAll F1 individuals look like variety A.F1 individuals look like variety A.Lecture 1 exam 2Lecture 1 exam 2UIC UIC BioSBioS 101 Nyberg101 Nyberg1111F1 allowed to selfF1 allowed to self –– Offspring of Offspring of selfedselfed F1 is called F1 is called F2F2F2 Seed Color: Mendel observed F2 Seed Color: Mendel observed 416416YELLOW and YELLOW and 140140GREENGREENseeds.seeds.F2 Seed shape: Mendel observed F2 Seed shape: Mendel observed 423423ROUND ROUND andand133133WRINKLEDWRINKLEDseeds.seeds.Lecture 1 exam 2Lecture 1 exam 2UIC UIC BioSBioS 101 Nyberg101 Nyberg1212As the original types reappear in F2, one infers that neither the Green nor the Wrinkled causative agent was destroyed (in the F1). The green and wrinkled characters were probably just masked by the Yellow and Round characters, respectively. If the F1 still has both characters, while only manifesting one, then one might expect the YELLOW F2 plants to be of 2 types, either like the parental A variety or like the F1.Green & Wrinkled were not Green & Wrinkled were not destroyed in F1destroyed in F1Lecture 1 exam 2Lecture 1 exam 2UIC UIC BioSBioS 101 Nyberg101 Nyberg1313Mendel allowed the F2 to self to form Mendel allowed the F2 to self to form an F3 generation.an F3 generation.The F2 YELLOW seeds were of The F2 YELLOW seeds were of twotwotypes. types. Some YELLOW seeds produced all YELLOW Some YELLOW seeds produced all YELLOW progeny in the F3 (i.e. were pure), others progeny in the F3 (i.e. were pure), others produced mostly YELLOW seeds with some produced mostly YELLOW seeds with some GREEN mixed in (like F1).GREEN mixed in (like F1).In the F3 In the F3 allallthe GREEN F2 seeds produce the GREEN F2 seeds produce ONLY GREEN seeds in the F3 (so GREEN is ONLY GREEN seeds in the F3 (so GREEN is always truealways true--breeding or pure).breeding or pure).Lecture 1 exam 2Lecture 1 exam 2UIC UIC


View Full Document

UIC BIOS 101 - Peas and Probability

Download Peas and Probability
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Peas and Probability and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Peas and Probability 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?